Armenia–Turkey relations
Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Turkey are officially non-existent and have historically been hostile.[1] Whilst Turkey recognised Armenia (in the borders of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic) shortly after the latter proclaimed independence in September 1991, the two countries have failed to establish diplomatic relations. In 1993, Turkey reacted to the war in Nagorno-Karabakh by closing its border with Armenia out of support for Azerbaijan.
In 2008–2009, the countries experienced a brief thaw in bilateral relations and in October 2009 the sides signed the normalization protocols.[2][3][4] However, the protocols were never ratified, and in the following year, the rapprochement came to a close;[5][6] the protocols were formally annulled by Armenia in March 2018.[7][8]
In December 2021, Armenia and Turkey announced appointing special envoys who met in Moscow in January 2022,[9] with positive international reactions for attempts of normalising relations.[10] On 1 January 2022, Armenia lifted the embargo on Turkey.[11]
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