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Basra

Basra (Arabic: ٱلْبَصْرَة, romanizedal-Baṣrah) is a city in southern Iraq located on the Shatt al-Arab. It had an estimated population of 1.4 million in 2018.[3] Basra is also Iraq's main port, although it does not have deep water access, which is handled at the port of Umm Qasr. However, there is ongoing construction of Grand Faw Port on the coast of Basra, which is considered a national project for Iraq and will become one of the largest ports in the world and the largest in the Middle East, in addition, the port will strengthen Iraq's geopolitical position in the region and the world.[4][5][6][7] Furthermore, Iraq is planning to establish a large naval base in the Faw peninsula.[8]

For other uses, see Basra (disambiguation).

Basra
ٱلْبَصْرَة

 Iraq

636 AD

50−75 km2 (21 sq mi)

181 km2 (70 sq mi)

5 m (16 ft)

1,326,564[2]

(+964) 40

Historically, the city is one of the ports from which the fictional Sinbad the Sailor journeyed. The city was built in 636 and played an important role in the Islamic Golden Age. Basra is consistently one of the hottest cities in Iraq, with summer temperatures regularly exceeding 50 °C (122 °F). In April 2017, the Iraqi Parliament recognized Basra as Iraq's economic capital.[9]

The , the first mosque in Islam outside the Arabian peninsula.

old mosque of Basra

Sinbad Island is located in the centre of Shatt Al-Arab, near the Miinaalmakl, and extends above the bridge Khaled and is a tourist landmark.

The Muhhmad Baquir Al-Sadr Bridge, at the union of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, was completed in 2017.

[53]

Sayab's House Ruins is the site of the most famous home of the poet . There is also a statue of Sayab, one of the statues in Basra done by the artist and sculptor nada' Kadhum, located on al-Basrah Corniche; it was unveiled in 1972.

Badr Shakir al-Sayyab

is the largest sport city in the Middle East, located on the Shatt al-Basra.

Basra Sports City

Palm tree forests are largely located on the shores of shatt-al Arab waterway, especially in the nearby village of .

Abu Al-Khasib

Corniche al-Basra is a street which runs on the shore of the Shatt al-Arab; it goes from the Lion of Babylon Square to the Four Palaces.

Basra International Hotel (formally known as Basra Sheraton Hotel) is located on the Corniche street. The only five star hotel in the city, it is notable for its style exterior design. The hotel was heavily looted during the Iraq War, and it has been renovated recently.

Shanasheel

Sayyed Ali al-Musawi Mosque, also known as the Mosque of the Children of Amer, is located in the city centre, on Al-Gazear Street, and it was built for Shia Imami's leader Sayyed Ali al-Moussawi, whose followers lived in Iraq and neighbouring countries.

The Fun City of Basra, which is now called Basra Land, is one of the oldest theme-park entertainment cities in the south of the country, and the largest involving a large number of games giants. It was damaged during the war, and has been rebuilt.

Akhora Park is one of the city's older parks. It is located on al-Basra Street.

There are four formal presidential palaces in Basra.

The Latin Church is located on the 14th of July Street.

Indian Market (Amogaiz) is one of the main bazaars in the city. It is called the Indian Market, since it had Indian vendors working there at the beginning of the last century.

Hanna-Sheikh Bazaar is an old market; it was established by the powerful and famous Hanna-Sheikh family.

known as Rabia of Basra, early Muslim mystic

Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya

a medieval mathematician, astronomer, and physicist.

Ibn al-Haytham

poet from Basra

Saadi Youssef

English cricketer, 1981 born in Basra

Sean Polley

female activist

Reham Yacoub

Texas, United States

Houston

Iran

Nishapur

Azerbaijan[56]

Baku

Jordan

Aqaba

Basra is twinned with:

In 's Zadig "Bassora" is the site of an international market where the hero meets representatives of all the world religions and concludes that "the world is one large family which meets at Bassora."

Voltaire

The city of Basra has a major role in 's 1933 future history "The Shape of Things to Come," where the "Modern State" is at the centre of a world state emerging after a collapse of civilization, and becomes in effect the capital of the world.

H. G. Wells

In the 1940 film , Ahmad and Abu flee to the city from Bagdad. Ahmad falls in love with the sultan's beautiful daughter, who is also desired by his enemy, and former Grand Vizier, Jaffar.

The Thief of Bagdad

In "Operation Motherland," the second book in the post-apocalyptic "Afterblight Chronicles," the character Lee Keegan crash lands his plane in the streets of Basra during the opening chapter.

Scott K. Andrews'

List of largest cities of Iraq

Afro Iraqis

Basra International Airport

Dua Kumayl

Basra reed warbler

University of Basrah

Umm Qasr Port

Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri. Washington, DC: Mage Publishers.  978-1933823232.

ISBN

Hallaq, Wael. The Origins and Evolution of Islamic Law. Cambridge University Press, 2005

Hawting, Gerald R. The First Dynasty of Islam. Routledge. 2nd ed, 2000

Longrigg, Steven Helmsley; Lang, Katherine H. (2015). "Basra from the Mongol conquest to modern period". In Fleet, Kate; ; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23813. ISSN 1873-9830.

Krämer, Gudrun

Madelung, Wilferd. "Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr and the Mahdi" in the Journal of Near Eastern Studies 40. 1981. pp. 291–305.

Matthee, Rudi (2006a). "Between Arabs, Turks and Iranians: The Town of Basra, 1600-1700". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 69 (1): 53–78. :10.1017/S0041977X06000036. JSTOR 20181989. S2CID 159935186.

doi

Matthee, Rudi (2006b). . Encyclopaedia Iranica (Vol. XIII, Fasc. 5 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 6). pp. 556–560, 561.

"IRAQ iv. RELATIONS IN THE SAFAVID PERIOD"

Tillier, Mathieu. . Institut Français du Proche-Orient, 2009

Les cadis d'Iraq et l'Etat abbasside (132/750-334/945)

Vincent, Stephen. Into The Red Zone: A Journey into the Soul of Iraq.  1-890626-57-0.

ISBN

. Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911.

"Basra" 

Reports, Maps and Assessments of Iraq's Governorates from the UN Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit

Iraq Inter-Agency Information & Analysis Unit

Archived 19 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine

Iraq Image – Basra Satellite Observation

2003 Basra map (NIMA)

Boomtown Basra

Muhammad and the Spread of Islam by Sanderson Beck

Arthur Jeffery, 1946

The Textual History of the Qur'an

Arthur Jeffery, 1936

Codex of Abu Musa al-Ashari