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Clan Maclean

Clan Maclean (/mækˈln/ ; Scottish Gaelic: Clann 'IllEathain [kʰl̪ˠãn̪ˠ iˈʎɛhɛɲ]) is a Highlands Scottish clan. They are one of the oldest clans in the Highlands and owned large tracts of land in Argyll as well as the Inner Hebrides. Many early MacLeans became famous for their honour, strength and courage in battle. They were involved in clan skirmishes with the Mackinnons, Camerons, MacDonalds and Campbells, as well as all of the Jacobite risings.

"Lord Maclean" redirects here. For the 1990–2005 Senator of the College of Justice (judge), see Ranald MacLean, Lord MacLean.

Clan Maclean

Virtue Mine Honour (My Virtues are my Honour)

Bàs no Beatha ("Death or victory")

History[edit]

Origins of the Clan[edit]

There are several different origins for the surname MacLean, however, the clan surname is an anglicisation of the Scottish Gaelic MacGilleEathain. This was the patronymic form of the personal name meaning 'Servant of [Saint&#93 John',[3] thus 'Son of the Servant of [St] John'.[4] The clan's rise to power began in 852 with a Papal Bull of Charter and Protection for the Iona Abbey, issued by Pope Leo IV. Marriages with Clan MacDonald in the late 1200s, Clan Bruce in the 1300s, and Clan MacKenzie in the 1400s brought Clan MacLean into the Scottish royal sphere.

on the Isle of Mull is the historic seat of the chiefs of the Clan Maclean.[2] The castle is perched on a rock guarding the Sound of Mull.[2] Dating from the thirteenth century it consists of a strong curtain wall as well as a substantial tower or keep that was added in about 1390.[2] There are also later ranges that were built within the courtyard.[2] Duart Castle was abandoned after the Jacobite rising of 1745 and it then became derelict and roofless.[2] However, in 1911 it was acquired by Sir Fitzroy Maclean, 10th Baronet, chief of Clan Maclean who restored it.[2] The castle is still owned by the Macleans of Duart although they now live in Perthshire.[2] The castle is open to the public in the summer.[2] The exterior of Duart Castle was used in the film "Entrapment" with Catherine Zeta-Jones and Sean Connery, whose mother, Euphemia McBain "Effie" – née McLean – was a Maclean.[16]

Duart Castle

Ardgour House, built in 1765, lies on the shores of on land wreasted from the McMasters in the 1430's. The first Maclean of Ardgour, ‘Strong Donald the Hunter’, was the son of the 7th Chief of Clan Maclean from Duart on Mull.[17] Ewan Maclean, 2nd of Ardgour was killed at the Battle of Bloody Bay in about 1482.[2] They followed James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, but Allen, the seventh lord was pardoned.[2] The Ardgour Macleans did not take part in the Jacobite risings and now live at Salachan at Ardgour.[2] Sold by the Macleans in 1996, Ardgour House is currently let as self-catering accommodation[18]

Loch Linnhe

on the Isle of Mull, Argyll was originally built by the Clan MacDougall, was then held by the Clan Donald, Lord of the Isles before passing to the Macleans after 1493.[2]

Aros Castle

Aros Castle, Glengarrisdale, on the island of , was held by the Macleans who came into possession of the north part of Jura.[2] The southern part of Jura was originally held by the MacDonalds but by 1620 had passed to the Clan Campbell who complained that they were being harassed by the Macleans.[2] This resulted in a battle in 1647 when the Campbells surprised the Macleans at Glen Garrisdale and killed many of them.[2] There is a tradition that the severed head and two limb bones of one of the Macleans adorned a cairn near MacLean's Skull Cave.[2] The castle was still in use when in 1690 the Campbell constable took action against the Macleans who had not taken the Oath of Allegiance to William of Orange.[2]

Jura

on the island of Coll, was held by the MacDonalds, then the Clan MacNeil and then by the Macleans.[2] In 1431 it was seized by Maclean of Coll, but they feuded with the Macleans of Duart, who in 1578 captured the castle.[2] In 1679 Donald Maclean of Coll garrisoned it against the Clan Campbell chief, the Earl of Argyll.[2] New Breachacha Castle was built nearby in 1750 and the old castle then became ruinous.[2] Dr Johnston and Boswell visited the castle in 1773.[2] In 1886 the old castle had passed to the Stewarts of Glenbuchie but it was bought by a descendant of the Macleans in 1965.[2]

Breachacha Castle

Treshnish Isles, Argyll, was originally held by the MacDougalls, then the MacDonalds and then by the Macleans of Duart.[2] One story is that the chief Maclean of Duart imprisoned the chief of the Clan Maclaine of Lochbuie in the castle to prevent him producing an heir and that Maclanie's only female companion was an old, not overly pleasing woman, whom he made pregnant.[2] Maclaine was murdered but the woman escaped giving birth to a son who recovered Lochbuie.[2] In 1504 James IV of Scotland had the castle besieged when it was held by Lachlan Maclean.[2] In 1647 the castle surrendered to the Covenanter General, David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark, and in the 1650s many of the books and records that had been rescued from Iona were destroyed in a siege by Oliver Cromwell's forces.[2] The castle held out against attacks by the Campbells in 1679 but was surrendered in 1692.[2] The castle was garrisoned during both the Jacobite rising of 1715 and 1745.[2]

Cairnburgh Castle

Caisteal nan Con, (castle of dogs) near , was held by the MacLeans of Duart and is said to have been used as a hunting lodge by those occupying Aros Castle.[2]

Lochaline

Caisteal nan Con, , originally held by the Campbells, then the MacDougalls and then the Macleans.[2] It was probably also a hunting lodge.[2]

Isle of Torsa

Castle Loch Heylipol, , was originally held by the MacDonalds and then by the Macleans, who were besieged in it by the Campbells in 1678–79.[2]

Tiree

Castle Spioradain, near , site of a castle formerly on an island that was held by the Macleans of Dochgarroch in around 1420.[2] The name means castle of spirits and the story goes that during a feud between the Macleans and the Clan Cameron, several Camerons were executed and their bodies were hung from the walls.[2] The ghosts of the dead are said to have terrorised the castle and the area.[2] The site was destroyed when the Caledonian Canal was built and human bones were found.[2]

Inverness

Dochgarroch, near Inverness, site of a castle held from the sixteenth century by the Macleans who were known as the Clan Tearlach and who were allied to the .[2] This clan of Macleans fought as Jacobites at the Battle of Killiecrankie in 1689 and the Battle of Sheriffmuir in 1715.[2] This line now live near Glen Urquhart and also near Edinburgh.[2]

Chattan Confederation

Drimnin Castle, near Lochline, Highland, site of a castle held by the Macleans of Coll in the sixteenth century, but was demolished in the 1830s. Maclean of Drimin led the clan during the Jacobite rising of 1745 and he was killed at the Battle of Culloden.[2]

[2]

on one of the Garvellachs, Argyll, is a ruinous castle that was originally held by the MacDougalls, then the MacDonalds and then by the Macleans who now live at Strachur House in Argyll and are hereditary keepers and captains of Dunconnel.[2]

Dun Chonnuill Castle

Eilean Amalaig Castle, Isle of Mull, is where the Macleans of Duart marshaled their or galleys.[2]

birlinns

near Lochaline is a ruinous castle that was originally held by the MacMasters but passed to the Macleans in the fifteenth century.[2]

Glensanda Castle

or Loch Gorm Castle on the Isle of Islay was originally held by the MacDonalds and then briefly by the Macleans.[2] The castle and island later passed to the Campbells and was still in use in 1745, but is now very ruinous.[2]

Gorm Castle

near Lochaline, was originally held by the Clan MacInnes but passed to the Macleans after the MacInnes chief was murdered along with his sons by the Clan Mackinnon.[2]

Kinlochaline Castle

in Argyll was later replaced by Strachur House and is now occupied by the Macleans of Dunconnel, heredary keepers of Dun Chonnuill Castle.[2] They were made Baronets in 1957.[2]

Strachur Castle

Tarbert, Argyll and Bute, although a royal castle the lands were held by the Clan MacAlister and then by the Macleans.[2]

Tarbert Castle

on the Isle of Mull, Argyll was held by the Macleans of Torloisk.[2]

Torloisk House

Castles that have been held by the Clan Maclean have included amongst others:

of Duart and Morvern Bt, CVO, Deputy Lieutenant of Argyll and Bute, 28th Clan Chief and 12th Baronet of Morvern.[19]

Sir Lachlan Hector Charles Maclean

Septs[edit]

Septs are family names associated with a particular clan. Other family names associated with the clan include Auchaneson, Beath, Beaton, Black, Clanachan, Dowart, Dowie, Duart, Duie, Garvie, Gillan, Gillon, Gilzean, Hoey, Huie, Lane, Lean, Leitch, MacBeath, MacBeth, MacBheath, MacCormick, MacEachan, Macfadin, MacFadyen, Macfadzean, Macfergan, Macgeachan, MacGilvra, Macildowie, Macilduy, Macilvera, MacKlin, MacLergain, Maclergan, MacPhaiden, MacRankin, MacVeagh, MacVey, Paden, Patten, Rankin, and Rankine.[20]

Maclean baronets

Notable Macleans

Ardgour

Duart Castle

Irish nobility

Maclean History

Clan Maclean Worldwide

Clan Maclean Atlantic Canada

Clan MacLean of Southern California

Clan Maclean Heritage Trust

Clan Maclean Amateur Radio Society

Clan Maclean Tartans Scottish Register of Tartans