Katana VentraIP

Cosmos

The cosmos (Ancient Greek: κόσμος, romanizedKósmos, /ˈkɒzmɒs/, US also /-ms, -məs/)[1] is an alternative name for the universe or its nature or order. Usage of the word cosmos implies viewing the universe as a complex and orderly system or entity.[2] The cosmos, and understandings of the reasons for its existence and significance, are studied in cosmology – a broad discipline covering scientific, religious or philosophical aspects of the cosmos and its nature. Religious and philosophical approaches may include the cosmos among spiritual entities or other matters deemed to exist outside the physical universe.

For other uses, see Cosmos (disambiguation).

Etymology[edit]

The verb κοσμεῖν (κοσμεῖν) meant generally "to dispose, prepare", but especially "to order and arrange (troops for battle), to set (an army) in array"; also "to establish (a government or regime)", "to adorn, dress" (especially of women). Thus kosmos meant "ornaments, decoration" (compare kosmokomes "dressing the hair," and cosmetic).[3] The philosopher Pythagoras used the term kosmos (Ancient Greek: κόσμος, Latinized kósmos) for the order of the universe.[4] Anaxagoras further introduced the concept of a Cosmic Mind (Nous) ordering all things.[5] The modern Greek κόσμος "order, good order, orderly arrangement" is a word with several main senses rooted in those notions. κόσμος has developed, along with primary "the universe, the world", the meaning of "people" (collectively).

History[edit]

Ancient Greek religion[edit]

The 1870 book Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology noted[6]

Greene, B. (1999). The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory. W.W. Norton, New York

Hawking, S.W. (2001). The Universe in a Nutshell. Bantam Book.

Kak, Subhash (1999). (PDF). Baton Rouge: Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Louisiana State University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 3 December 2021.

Concepts of Space, Time, and Consciousness in Ancient India

Yulsman, T. (2003). Origins: The Quest for our Cosmic Roots. Institute of Physics Publishing, London.

 – from Digital Nature Agency

Cosmos – an Illustrated Dimensional Journey from microcosmos to macrocosmos

Archived 2012-10-02 at the Wayback Machine

JPL Spitzer telescope photos of macrocosmos

in Dictionary of the History of Ideas

Macrocosm and Microcosm

This is in Japanese.

Encyclopedia of Cosmos

– Illustrated Encyclopedia of Cosmos and Cosmic Law (in Russian)

Cosmos