Saint Dominic
Saint Dominic, OP (Spanish: Santo Domingo; 8 August 1170 – 6 August 1221), also known as Dominic de Guzmán (Spanish: [ɡuθˈman]), was a Castilian Catholic priest and the founder of the Dominican Order. He is the patron saint of astronomers and natural scientists, and he and his order are traditionally credited with spreading and popularizing the rosary. He is alternatively called Dominic of Osma, Dominic of Caleruega, and Domingo Félix de Guzmán.
For the village in Cornwall, see St Dominic, Cornwall. For places named after Saint Dominic, or other saints named Dominic, see St Dominic (disambiguation).
Dominic
Domingo Félix de Guzmán y Aza
8 August 1170
Caleruega, Kingdom of Castile
6 August 1221 (aged 50)
Bologna, Kingdom of Italy, Holy Roman Empire
13 July 1234, Rieti Cathedral by Pope Gregory IX
- 8 August
- 24 May (translation of relics)
- 4 August (pre-1970 General Roman Calendar)
Dominican habit, dog, star above his head, lilies, Dominical rule, staff, rosary
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Life[edit]
Birth and early life[edit]
Dominic was born in Caleruega, halfway between Osma and Aranda de Duero in Old Castile, Spain.[1] He was named after Saint Dominic of Silos. The Benedictine abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos lies a few miles north of Caleruega.
In the earliest narrative source, by Jordan of Saxony, Dominic's parents are not named. The story is told that before his birth his barren mother made a pilgrimage to the Abbey at Silos, and dreamt that a dog leapt from her womb carrying a flaming torch in its mouth, and seemed to set the earth on fire. This story is likely to have emerged when his order became known, after his name, as the Dominican order, Dominicanus in Latin, and a play on words interpreted as Domini canis: "Dog of the Lord."[2] Jordan adds that Dominic was brought up by his parents and a maternal uncle who was an archbishop.[3] The failure to name his parents is not unusual, since Jordan wrote a history of the Order's early years, rather than a biography of Dominic. A later source of the 13th century gives their names as Juana and Felix.[4] Nearly a century after Dominic's birth, a local author asserted that Dominic's father was "vir venerabilis et dives in populo suo" ("an honored and wealthy man in his village").[5] The travel narrative of Pero Tafur, written circa 1439 (about a pilgrimage to Dominic's tomb in Italy), states that Dominic's father belonged to the family de Guzmán, and that his mother belonged to the Aça or Aza family.[6] Dominic's mother, Joan of Aza, was beatified by Pope Leo XII in 1829.
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The Arca di San Domenico is a shrine containing the remains of Saint Dominic, located in the Basilica of San Domenico in Bologna. The Pattern of Urlaur is an annual festival held on 4 August at Urlaur, Kilmovee, County Mayo since medieval times, to commemmoratere the feast day of Saint Dominic.[54]
The feast of Saint Dominic is celebrated with great pomp and devotion in Malta, in the old city of Birgu and the capital city Valletta. The Dominican order has very strong links with Malta and Pope Pius V, a Dominican friar himself, aided the Knights of St. John to build the city of Valletta.[55]
Cord of Saint Dominic[edit]
Cord (belt) of Saint Dominic is a Catholic sacramental, which reminds the wearer of the protection of Saint Dominic.[49] History of the cord is associated with the miraculous image of Saint Dominic in Soriano. The length of its strip suits to the perimeter of the painting.[50] The beginning of the prayer "O wonderful hope" is placed on the cord.[51] According to the tradition, if someone wants to receive grace from Saint Dominic, they should wear it all the time.[52] Infertile couples use this cord to prayer for intercession of Saint Dominic to get the gift of offspring from God.[53]
Toponymy[edit]
The country Dominican Republic and its capital Santo Domingo are named after Saint Dominic.
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