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Double-aspect theory

In the philosophy of mind, double-aspect theory is the view that the mental and the physical are two aspects of, or perspectives on, the same substance. It is also called dual-aspect monism, not to be confused with mind–body dualism.[1] The theory's relationship to neutral monism is ill-defined,

[2]


According to Harald Atmanspacher, "dual-aspect approaches consider the mental and physical domains of reality as aspects, or manifestations, of an underlying undivided reality in which the mental and the physical do not exist as separate domains. In such a framework, the distinction between mind and matter results from an epistemic split that separates the aspects of the underlying reality. Consequently, the status of the psychophysically neutral domain is considered as ontic relative to the mind–matter distinction".[3]

who believed that Nature or God (Deus sive Natura) has infinite aspects, but that Extension and Mind are the only aspects of which we have knowledge.

Baruch Spinoza

who considered the fundamental aspects of reality to be Will and Representation.[4]

Arthur Schopenhauer

who used implicate and explicate order as a means of displaying dual-aspects.

David Bohm

Gustav Fechner

neuropsychoanalyst, for whom dual-aspect monism represents a matrix of ontological juxtaposition of psychoanalytical and neuroscientific knowledge from two distinct perspectives: looking from the inside and looking from the outside.

Mark Solms

George Henry Lewes

- calls his version "Material-Mental Monism"

Thomas Jay Oord

John Polkinghorne

on the dual aspect theory of the Will

Brian O'Shaughnessy

.[5]

Thomas Nagel

who explores a double-aspect view of information, with similarities to Kenneth Sayre's information-based neutral monism

David Chalmers

The Complementary Nature (MIT Press, 2006) attempts to reconcile what it calls "the philosophy of complementary pairs" with the science of coordination dynamics.

J. A. Scott Kelso

Anomalous monism

Neutral monism

Property dualism

darsana

Samkhya

Neutral Monism in Relation to Dual Aspect Theory