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Environmental philosophy

Environmental philosophy is the branch of philosophy that is concerned with the natural environment and humans' place within it.[1] It asks crucial questions about human environmental relations such as "What do we mean when we talk about nature?" "What is the value of the natural, that is non-human environment to us, or in itself?" "How should we respond to environmental challenges such as environmental degradation, pollution and climate change?" "How can we best understand the relationship between the natural world and human technology and development?" and "What is our place in the natural world?" Environmental philosophy includes environmental ethics, environmental aesthetics, ecofeminism, environmental hermeneutics, and environmental theology.[2] Some of the main areas of interest for environmental philosophers are:

Contemporary issues[edit]

Modern issues within environmental philosophy include but are not restricted to the concerns of environmental activism, questions raised by science and technology, environmental justice, and climate change. These include issues related to the depletion of finite resources and other harmful and permanent effects brought on to the environment by humans, as well as the ethical and practical problems raised by philosophies and practices of environmental conservation, restoration, and policy in general. Another question that has settled on the minds of modern environmental philosophers is "Do rivers have rights?"[3] At the same time environmental philosophy deals with the value human beings attach to different kinds of environmental experience, particularly how experiences in or close to non-human environments contrast with urban or industrialized experiences, and how this varies across cultures with close attention paid to indigenous people.

Practices which simplify biodiversity and dominate nature (monocropping, overfishing, clearcutting, etc.) are linked to societal tendencies to simplify and dominate humanity.

Such societies create cultural institutions like poverty, racism, patriarchy, homophobia, and genocide from this same desire to simplify and dominate.

In turn, Social Ecology suggests addressing the root causes of environmental degradation requires creating a society that promotes decentralization, interdependence, and direct democracy rather than profit extraction.

(journal)

Environmental Philosophy

Environmental Values

(journal)

Environmental Ethics

List of environmental philosophers

Environmental hermeneutics

Armstrong, Susan, Richard Botzler. Environmental Ethics: Divergence and Convergence, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, New York.  9780072838459.

ISBN

Auer, Matthew, 2019. Environmental Aesthetics in the Age of Climate Change, , 11 (18), 5001.

Sustainability

Benson, John, 2000. Environmental Ethics: An Introduction with Readings, Psychology Press.

Callicott, J. Baird, and Michael Nelson, 1998. The Great New Wilderness Debate, University of Georgia Press.

Conesa-Sevilla, J., 2006. The Intrinsic Value of the Whole: Cognitive and Utilitarian Evaluative Processes as they Pertain to Ecocentric, Deep Ecological, and Ecopsychological "Valuing", , 22 (2), 26-42.

The Trumpeter

Derr, Patrick, G, Edward McNamara, 2003. Case Studies in Environmental Ethics, Bowman & Littlefield Publishers.  0-7425-3136-8

ISBN

DesJardins, Joseph R., Environmental Ethics Wadsworth Publishing Company, ITP, An International Thomson Publishing Company, Belmont, California. A Division of Wadsworth, Inc.

Devall, W. and G. Sessions. 1985. Deep Ecology: Living As if Nature Mattered, Salt Lake City: Gibbs M. Smith, Inc.

Drengson, Inoue, 1995. "The Deep Ecology Movement", North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, California.

Foltz, Bruce V., Robert Frodeman. 2004. Rethinking Nature, Indiana University Press, 601 North Morton Street, Bloomington, IN 47404-3797  0-253-21702-4

ISBN

Keulartz, Jozef, 1999. The Struggle for Nature: A Critique of Environmental Philosophy, Routledge.

F, 2007. The Decline of Nature: Environmental History and the Western Worldview, Academica Press, Bethesda, MD ISBN 978-1933146409

LaFreniere, Gilbert

Light, Andrew, and Eric Katz,1996. Environmental Pragmatism, Psychology Press.

Mannison, D., M. McRobbie, and R. Routley (ed), 1980. Environmental Philosophy, Australian National University

Matthews, Steve, 2002. [ A Hybrid Theory of Environmentalism, Essays in Philosophy, 3.

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/48856927.pdf

Næss, A. 1989. Ecology, Community and Lifestyle: Outline of an Ecosophy, Translated by D. Rothenberg. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Oelschlaeger, Max, 1993. The Idea of Wilderness: From Prehistory to the Age of Ecology, New Haven: Yale University Press,  978-0300053708

ISBN

Pojman, Louis P., Paul Pojman. Environmental Ethics, Thomson-Wadsworth, United States

Sarvis, Will. Embracing Philanthropic Environmentalism: The Grand Responsibility of Stewardship, (McFarland, 2019).

Sherer, D., ed, Thomas Attig. 1983. Ethics and the Environment, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632.  0-13-290163-3

ISBN

VanDeVeer, Donald, Christine Pierce. The Environmental Ethics and Policy Book, Wadsworth Publishing Company. An International Thomson Publishing Company

Vogel, Steven, 1999. Environmental Philosophy After the End of Nature, Environmental Ethics 24 (1):23-39

Weston, 1999. An Invitation to Environmental Philosophy, Oxford University Press, New York, New York.

Zimmerman, Michael E., J. Baird Callicott, George Sessions, Karen J. Warren, John Clark. 1993.Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 07632  0-13-666959-X

ISBN

. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

"American Wilderness Philosophy"