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Extraterrestrials in fiction

An extraterrestrial or alien is a lifeform that did not originate on Earth. The word extraterrestrial means "outside Earth". The first published use of extraterrestrial as a noun occurred in 1956, during the Golden Age of Science Fiction.[1]

This article is about extraterrestrials seen in works of fiction. For claims about alleged actual aliens, see List of alleged extraterrestrial beings.

Grouping

Science fiction

Cryptids

Aliens, space aliens

Extraterrestrials are a common theme in modern science-fiction, and also appeared in much earlier works such as the second-century parody True History[2] by Lucian of Samosata.[3]

History of science fiction

Alien invasion

Parasites in fiction

List of fictional extraterrestrials

List of films featuring extraterrestrials

List of humanoid aliens

Mars in fiction

First contact (science fiction)

(2011). "SETI in Science Fiction". In Shuch, H. Paul (ed.). Searching for Extraterrestrial Intelligence: SETI Past, Present, and Future. The Frontiers Collection. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 351–372. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13196-7_19. ISBN 978-3-642-13196-7.

Baxter, Stephen

Killheffer, Robert K. J.; ; Langford, David (2023). "Aliens". In Clute, John; Langford, David; Sleight, Graham (eds.). The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction (4th ed.). Retrieved 2023-12-15.

Stableford, Brian

Roth, Christopher F., "Ufology as Anthropology: Race, Extraterrestrials, and the Occult." In E.T. Culture: Anthropology in Outerspaces, ed. by Debbora Battaglia. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2005.

. 1996. The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark: chapter 4: "Aliens".

Sagan, Carl

(2006). "Alien". Science Fact and Science Fiction: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. pp. 13–16. ISBN 978-0-415-97460-8.

Stableford, Brian

(2005). "Aliens in Space". In Westfahl, Gary (ed.). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 14–16. ISBN 978-0-313-32951-7.

Westfahl, Gary

(2005). "Aliens on Earth". In Westfahl, Gary (ed.). The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 16–18. ISBN 978-0-313-32951-7.

Westfahl, Gary

(2021). "Aliens". Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-4408-6617-3.

Westfahl, Gary

(2022). "Aliens—The Company We Seek: Aliens in Fact and Fiction". The Stuff of Science Fiction: Hardware, Settings, Characters. McFarland. pp. 227–234. ISBN 978-1-4766-8659-2.

Westfahl, Gary

Best Use of Aliens As Metaphor