Katana VentraIP

Foreign policy of the United States

The officially stated goals of the foreign policy of the United States of America, including all the bureaus and offices in the United States Department of State,[1] as mentioned in the Foreign Policy Agenda of the Department of State, are "to build and sustain a more democratic, secure, and prosperous world for the benefit of the American people and the international community".[2] Liberalism has been a key component of US foreign policy since its independence from Britain.[3] Since the end of World War II, the United States has had a grand strategy which has been characterized as being oriented around primacy, "deep engagement", and/or liberal hegemony.[4][5] This strategy entails that the United States maintains military predominance; builds and maintains an extensive network of allies (exemplified by NATO, bilateral alliances and foreign US military bases); integrates other states into US-designed international institutions (such as the IMF, WTO/GATT and World Bank); and limits the spread of nuclear weapons.[3][5]

For bilateral relations, see Foreign relations of the United States.

The United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs states as some of its jurisdictional goals: "export controls, including nonproliferation of nuclear technology and nuclear hardware; measures to foster commercial interaction with foreign nations and to safeguard American business abroad; international commodity agreements; international education; protection of American citizens abroad; and expulsion".[6] U.S. foreign policy and foreign aid have been the subject of much debate, praise, and criticism, both domestically and abroad.

and the League of Nations covenant (in force 1920–45, signed but not ratified)

Versailles Treaty

(took effect in 1976, ratified with substantial reservations)

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

(took effect in 1976, signed but not ratified)

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

(took effect in 1978)

American Convention on Human Rights

(took effect in 1981, signed but not ratified)

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

(took effect in 1990, signed but not ratified)

Convention on the Rights of the Child

(took effect in 1994)

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

(signed in 1996 but never ratified and never took effect)

Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

(took effect in 1999)

Mine Ban Treaty

(took effect in 2002)

International Criminal Court

(in force 2005–12, signed but not ratified)

Kyoto Protocol

(took effect in 2006)

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture

(took effect in 2008, signed but not ratified)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

(took effect in 2010)

Convention on Cluster Munitions

(took effect in 2010)

International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

(took effect in 2014)

Arms Trade Treaty

Other human rights treaties

(took effect in 2016 as part of the United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231. Signed by the U.S., France, Germany, European Union, UK, Russia, China and Iran, but abandoned by the U.S. in 2018)

Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action

A published yearly report by the State Department entitled "Advancing Freedom and Democracy", issued in compliance with ADVANCE Democracy Act of 2007 (earlier the report was known as "Supporting Human Rights and Democracy: The U.S. Record" and was issued in compliance with a 2002 law).[48]

[47]

A yearly published "".[49]

Country Reports on Human Rights Practices

In 2006 (under President ), the United States created a "Human Rights Defenders Fund" and "Freedom Awards".[179]

George W. Bush

The "Human Rights and Democracy Achievement Award" recognizes the exceptional achievement of officers of foreign affairs agencies posted abroad.

[180]

The "Ambassadorial Roundtable Series", created in 2006, are informal discussions between newly confirmed U.S. and human rights and democracy non-governmental organizations.[181]

Ambassadors

The , a private non-profit created by Congress in 1983 (and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan), which is mostly funded by the U.S. Government and gives cash grants to strengthen democratic institutions around the world.[182]

National Endowment for Democracy

American entry into World War I

International relations, 1648–1814

International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)

International relations (1919–1939)

United States and state-sponsored terrorism

Perceptions of the United States sanctions

from US State Department

History of the United States' relations with the countries of the world

from US State Department

Milestones of U.S. diplomatic history

Foreign Relations of the United States (FRUS): Official Documentary History of U.S. Foreign Relations

from UCB Libraries G

Foreign Relations and International Aid

a background Q&A by Council on Foreign Relations

U.S. Political Parties and Foreign Policy

Congressional Research Service

U.S. Role in the World: Background and Issues for Congress

1861–1960 (full text from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries)

Foreign Relations of the United States

Tracking survey of American public attitudes on foreign policy, conducted by Public Agenda with Foreign Affairs magazine.

Confidence in U.S. Foreign Policy Index