Quoted or or narrator's voice: He laid down his bundle and thought of his misfortune. "And just what pleasure have I found, since I came into this world?" he asked.
direct speech
Reported or normal : He laid down his bundle and thought of his misfortune. He asked himself what pleasure he had found since he came into the world.
indirect speech
Free indirect speech: He laid down his bundle and thought of his misfortune. And just what pleasure had he found, since he came into this world?
Stream of consciousness (narrative mode)
Transparent Minds
Cohn, Dorrit
Gingerich, Jon. . LitReactor. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
"The Benefits of Free Indirect Discourse"
Indirect speech in Danish. In: F. Coulmas ed. Direct and indirect speech. 219-254. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1986
Haberland, Hartmut
When Voices Clash. A Study in Literary Pragmatics. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2000.
Mey, Jacob L.
Prince, Gerald, Dictionary of Narratology
Stevenson, Randall, Modernist Fiction. Lexington: University of Kentucky, 1992.
Wood, James, How Fiction Works. New York: Picador, 2009.
Ron, Moshe, "Free Indirect Discourse, Mimetic Language Games and the Subject of Fiction", Poetics Today, Vol. 2, No. 2, Narratology III: Narration and Perspective in Fiction (Winter, 1981), pp. 17-39