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George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham

George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, KG (/ˈvɪlərz/ VIL-ərz; 28 August 1592 – 23 August 1628),[1][2] was an English courtier, statesman, and patron of the arts. He was a favourite and self-described "lover" of King James VI and I.[3][4] Buckingham remained at the height of royal favour for the first three years of the reign of James's son, King Charles I, until Villiers was assassinated.

For other people named 1st Duke of Buckingham, see 1st Duke of Buckingham.

His Grace
The Duke of Buckingham
KG

James VI and I
Charles I

The Earl of Worcester

The Earl of Holland

The Earl of Nottingham

Board of Admiralty

Sir Francis Fortescue

The Earl of Bridgewater

In commission

The Earl of Dorset
The Earl of Holland

The Lord Wotton

The Duke of Lennox

(1592-08-28)28 August 1592
Brooksby, Leicestershire, England

23 August 1628(1628-08-23) (aged 35)
Portsmouth, Hampshire, England

Assassination

Westminster Abbey

Katherine Manners, Baroness de Ros

Villiers family

Villiers was born in Brooksby, Leicestershire from a family of minor gentry. His ascent began notably in 1614 when, aged 21, he caught the attention of the king. Villiers' rise was facilitated by his physical beauty, charm, and talents such as dancing and fencing, which were nurtured by his mother Mary, a widow who aimed to see her son succeed at court. His achievements include being knighted and climbing the ranks of nobility, eventually becoming the Duke of Buckingham. Villiers was the last in a succession of handsome young favourites on whom the king lavished affection and patronage. The pair were often accused of sodomy[5] and most historians today believe the relationship was sexual in nature.[6][7]


Villiers' influence extended beyond the king's favour; he played a significant role in political and military affairs, including the negotiation of royal marriages and leading military expeditions. His tenure as Lord High Admiral and de facto foreign minister was marked by a series of failed military campaigns, such as the ill-fated expedition to Cádiz, which damaged his reputation and public image. Buckingham's assassination in 1628 by John Felton, a disgruntled army officer, highlighted the extent of his unpopularity among the public.

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