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Goliad massacre

28°38′51″N 97°22′59″W / 28.6476°N 97.3830°W / 28.6476; -97.3830

Goliad massacre

Goliad, Mexican Texas

28°38′51″N 97°22′59″W / 28.6476°N 97.3830°W / 28.6476; -97.3830

March 27, 1836

Fusillading, assault and stabbing

425–445 Texian Army prisoners

Mexican Army

The Goliad massacre was an event of the Texas Revolution that occurred on March 27, 1836, following the Battle of Refugio and the Battle of Coleto; 425–445 prisoners of war from the Texian Army of the Republic of Texas were executed by the Mexican Army in the town of Goliad, Texas. The men surrendered under the belief they would be set free within a few weeks; however, this was not to be. Despite appeals for clemency by General José de Urrea, the massacre was carried out by Lt. Colonel José Nicolás de la Portilla, under orders from General and President of Mexico, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.


The entire Texian force was killed, except for 28 men who feigned death and escaped. Among these was Herman Ehrenberg, who later wrote an account of the massacre; William Lockhart Hunter survived despite being bayoneted and clubbed with a musket. Because of the intervention of Francita Alavez (known as the "Angel of Goliad"), 20 more men were spared to act as doctors, interpreters, or workers. Also spared were the 75 soldiers of the Miller and Nashville Battalion, who were given white arm bands. Among those killed were commanders Colonel James Fannin (of the Coleto battle) and Lieutenant Colonel William Ward (of the Refugio battle).

List of massacres in the United States

War crime

Castaneda, H.W. (1970). The Mexican Side of the Texas Revolution. Texas: Graphic Ideas.  B003M0PG1S.

ASIN

(1994). Texian Iliad – A Military History of the Texas Revolution. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-73086-1. OCLC 29704011.

Hardin, Stephen L.

(1990). Duel of Eagles: The Mexican and U.S. Fight for the Alamo. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-688-07252-0.

Long, Jeff

(May 21, 1992). The Alamo and the Texas War of Independence, September 30, 1835 to April 21, 1836: Heroes, Myths, and History. New York: Da Capo Press (published 1994). ISBN 978-0-938289-10-4.

Nofi, Albert A.

Roell, Craig H. (2013). Matamoros and the Texas Revolution. Denton, TX: Texas State Historical Association.  978-0-87611-260-1.

ISBN

Davenport, Harbert; Roell, Craig H. . Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved November 27, 2010.

"GOLIAD MASSACRE"