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Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (/ˈlɛsɪŋ/, German: [ˈɡɔthɔlt ˈʔeːfʁa.ɪm ˈlɛsɪŋ] ; 22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic, and a representative of the Enlightenment era. His plays and theoretical writings substantially influenced the development of German literature. He is widely considered by theatre historians to be the first dramaturg in his role at Abel Seyler's Hamburg National Theatre.[1]

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(1729-01-22)22 January 1729
Kamenz, Upper Lusatia, Saxony

15 February 1781(1781-02-15) (aged 52)
Braunschweig, Brunswick-Lüneburg

Writer, philosopher, dramatist, publicist, art critic, and dramaturg

Leipzig University
University of Wittenberg

Miss Sara Sampson, Emilia Galotti, Minna von Barnhelm, Nathan the Wise, Laocoön, Hamburgische Dramaturgie

Eva König

Johann Daniel Müller: Der Sieg der Wahrheit des Worts Gottes über die des Wolfenbüttelschen Bibliothecarii, [Gotthold] Ephraim Lessing, und seines Fragmenten-Schreibers [i. e. Hermann Samuel Reimarus] in ihren Lästerungen gegen Jesum Christum, seine Jünger, Apostel, und die ganze Bibel. 1780.

Lügen

Cf. Reinhard Breymayer: Ein unbekannter Gegner Gotthold Ephraim Lessings. Der ehemalige Frankfurter Konzertdirektor Johann Daniel Müller aus (1716 bis nach 1785), Alchemist im Umkreis [Johann Wolfgang] Goethes, Kabbalist, separatistischer Chiliast, Freund der Illuminaten von Avignon ("Elias / Elias Artista") Dietrich Meyer (Ed.): Pietismus – Herrnhutertum – Erweckungsbewegung. Festschrift für Erich Beyreuther. Köln [Pulheim-Brauweiler] and Bonn 1982 (Schriftenreihe des Vereins für Rheinische Kirchengeschichte, volume 70), pp. 109–145, and p. 108 Silhouette of [Johann] Daniel Müller.

Wissenbach/Nassau

The Radical Pietist Johann Daniel Müller (born 1716 in Wissenbach/Nassau, today part of Eschenburg, deceased after 1785) published the following anonymous book against Lessing and Reimarus:

Second edition of Nathan the Wise in its first year of publication 1779. In the Jewish Museum of Switzerland's collection.
Der junge Gelehrte (The Young Scholar) (1748)

Der Freigeist (The Freethinker) (1749)

Die Juden (The Jews) (1749)

(1755)

Miss Sara Sampson

(1759)

Philotas

Fabeln (Fables) (1759)

Laokoön oder Über die Grenzen der Malerei und Poesie (Laocoön) (1767)

(Minna of Barnhelm) (1767)

Minna von Barnhelm

(1767–69)

Hamburgische Dramaturgie

(1772)

Emilia Galotti

Anti-Goeze (1778) (written against , pastor in Hamburg)

Johann Melchior Goeze

Nathan der Weise () (1779)

Nathan the Wise

Ernst und Falk – Gespräche für Freymäurer (1776–1778)

Die Erziehung des Menschengeschlechts (The Education of the Human Race) (1780)

Fable

Greek revival

Tiergarten, Berlin

Lessing Monument

Lessing Theater

Pantheism controversy

Hazard, Paul. European thought in the eighteenth century from Montesquieu to Lessing (1954). pp 416–34 on his deism.

Nisbet, Hugh Barr. , Oxford University Press, 2013

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing: His Life, Works and Thought

Liptzin, Sol. Historical Survey of German Literature. New York: Cooper Square Publishers, 1936.

Priest, George. A Brief History of German Literature. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1909.

Robertson, John. A History of German Literature. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1902.

Rose, Ernst. A History of German Literature. New York: New York University, 1960.

(1882). "Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XIV (9th ed.).

Sime, James

; Robertson, John George (1911). "Lessing, Gotthold Ephraim" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 496–499.

Sime, James

at Project Gutenberg

Works by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

at Internet Archive

Works by or about Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)

Works by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(in English)

Minna von Barnhelm, by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(in English)

Literary and Philosophical Essays: French, German and Italian, 1910, includes The Education of the Human Race, by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(in English)

Nathan the Wise, by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(in English)

The Parable of the Ring

(in English)

Laocoon

(in English)

The Dramatic Works of G.E. Lessing

by Helen Zimmern

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing: His Life and his Works (1878)

. Zeno.org (in German).

"Works by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing"

at Projekt Gutenberg (in German)

Works by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

(in German)

All poems of Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

Coin to commemorate his 200th birth anniversary