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Judiciary of Brazil

The Judiciary of Brazil is the group of public entities designated by the Brazilian constitution to carry out the country's judicial functions.

the (Supremo Tribunal Federal or "STF");

Supreme Federal Court

the (Conselho Nacional de Justiça or "CNJ");

National Justice Council

the (Superior Tribunal de Justiça or "STJ");

Superior Court of Justice

the (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho or "TST");

Superior Labor Court

the (Tribunais Regionais Federais or "TRFs") and Federal Judges;

Regional Federal Courts

the labor courts and judges;

the electoral courts and judges,

the military courts and judges; and

the courts and judges of the , Federal District and territories.

States

The Federal government of Brazil is defined by the 1988 constitution which defines a tripartite separation of powers into the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. Aside from those, the country also has the Public Ministry which acts autonomously and has in the past been referred to as the country's fourth branch.


In terms of jurisdiction, the main division is between common justice (Portuguese: Justiça Comum) and specialized justice (Justiça Especializada). Common justice, composed of federal and state justices (and the Federal District's own justice), handles most civil and criminal cases. Specialized justice, composed of electoral, military and labor justices, handles more specialized cases which also have their own specific procedures.[1]


Article 92 of the Constitution divides the judiciary into nine organs:


There is no judicial organization at the municipality level.[2]

Causes where the federal government, its agencies or enterprises have an interest, with the exception of bankruptcy and , which are in states' jurisdiction, and also respecting the specific jurisdiction of the labor and electoral courts, which prevails over federal ordinary courts jurisdiction;

industrial injury

Causes involving foreign governments or recognized international public organization;

Political crimes;

Crimes against the labor organization, including (as decided in 2006 by the STF);

slavery

Crimes committed aboard or aircraft;

ships

and nationality rights;

Foreigners

' rights.

Indigenous peoples

Federal courts of Brazil

Judiciary of Portugal

Law of Brazil

Ministry of Justice (Brazil)

Supremo Tribunal Federal

(in Portuguese)

Conselho Nacional de Justiça

(in Portuguese)

Superior Tribunal de Justiça