Katana VentraIP

Katakana

Katakana (片仮名、カタカナ, IPA: [katakaꜜna, kataꜜkana]) is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana,[2] kanji and in some cases the Latin script (known as rōmaji).

Katakana
片仮名
カタカナ

~800 CE to the present

Vertical right-to-left, left-to-right Edit this on Wikidata

Japanese, Ryukyuan, Hachijō, Ainu[1]
Taiwanese Hokkien, Palauan (formerly)

Hiragana

Kana (411), ​Katakana

Katakana

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For the Unicode block, see Katakana (Unicode block).

The word katakana means "fragmentary kana", as the katakana characters are derived from components or fragments of more complex kanji. Katakana and hiragana are both kana systems. With one or two minor exceptions, each syllable (strictly mora) in the Japanese language is represented by one character or kana in each system. Each kana represents either a vowel such as "a" (katakana ア); a consonant followed by a vowel such as "ka" (katakana カ); or "n" (katakana ン), a nasal sonorant which, depending on the context, sounds like English m, n or ng ([ŋ]) or like the nasal vowels of Portuguese or Galician.


In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for Japanese words not covered by kanji and for grammatical inflections, the katakana syllabary usage is comparable to italics in English; specifically, it is used for transcription of foreign-language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words (collectively gairaigo); for emphasis; to represent onomatopoeia; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals and often Japanese companies.


Katakana evolved from Japanese Buddhist monks transliterating Chinese texts into Japanese.[3]

Katana VentraIP

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5 vowels

nucleus

42 (onset-nucleus) syllabograms, consisting of nine consonants in combination with each of the five vowels, of which three possible combinations (yi, ye, wu) are not canonical

core or body

1 consonant

coda

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* — The use of ウ in these two cases to represent w is rare in modern Japanese except for Internet slang and transcription of the Latin sound [w] into katakana. E.g.: (Mineruwa "Minerva", from Latin MINERVA [mɪˈnɛrwa]); ウゥルカーヌス (Wurukānusu "Vulcan", from Latin VVLCANVS, Vulcānus [wʊlˈkaːnʊs]). The wa-type of foreign sounds (as in watt or white) is usually transcribed to ワ (wa), while the wu-type (as in wood or woman) is usually to ウ (u) or ウー (ū).

ミネルウァ

ii — ヴ has a rarely-used form in ゔ that is also vu in Hepburn romanization systems.

hiragana

iii — The characters in green are obsolete in modern Japanese and very rarely used.[17]

[16]

* * – ヌィ is the same as ニ but with an alveolar n, despite never having been used

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Japanese phonology

Hiragana

Historical kana usage

Rōmaji

Gugyeol

, oldest example of kanji text with katakana annotations

Tōdaiji Fujumonkō

Katakana study tool

Katakana Unicode chart

Japanese dictionary with Katakana, Hiragana and Kanji on-screen keyboards

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Dakuten

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for the kana as described by Engelbert Kaempfer in 1727

File:Beschrijving van Japan - ABC (cropped).jpg

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