Latium

Latium (/ˈleɪʃiəm/ LAY-shee-əm, US also /-ʃəm/ -⁠shəm;^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] Latin: [ˈɫati.ũː]) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire.

"Latio" redirects here. For the Nissan car model, see Nissan Latio. For the modern Italian administrative region, see Lazio.

Geography[edit]

The earliest known Latium was the country of the Latini, a tribe whose recognised center was a large, dormant volcano, Mons Albanus ("the Alban Mount", today's Colli Albani), 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the southeast of Rome, 64 kilometres (40 mi) in circumference. In its center is a crater lake, Lacus Albanus (Lago Albano), oval in shape, a few km long and wide. At the top of the second-highest peak (Monte Cavo) was a temple to Jupiter Latiaris, where the Latini held state functions before their subjection to Rome, and the Romans subsequently held religious and state ceremonies. The last pagan temple to be built stood until the Middle Ages when its stone and location were reused for various monasteries and finally a hotel. During World War II, the Wehrmacht turned it into a radio station, which was captured after an infantry battle by American troops in 1944, and it currently is a controversial telecommunications station surrounded by antennae considered unsightly by the population within view.

The selection of Jupiter as a state god and the descent of the name Latini to the name of the Latin language are sufficient to identify the Latins as a tribe of Indo-European descent. Virgil, a major poet of the early Roman Empire, under Augustus, derived Latium from the word for "hidden" (English latent) because in a myth Saturn, ruler of the golden age in Latium, hid (latuisset)^[8] from Jupiter there.^[9] A major modern etymology is that Lazio comes from the Latin word "latus", meaning "wide",^[10] expressing the idea of "flat land" meaning the Roman Campagna.

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Toponymy of Latium

Behncke, Boros (1996–2003). . Italy's Volcanoes: The Cradle of Volcanology. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 28 January 2010.

"Colli Albani or Alban Hills volcanic complex, Latium, Italy"

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Latium adiectum

Latin Valley

Fidenae

Etruria

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