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Nuremberg

Nuremberg (/ˈnjʊərəmbɜːrɡ/ NURE-əm-burg; German: Nürnberg [ˈnʏɐ̯nbɛɐ̯k] ⓘ; in the local East Franconian dialect: Nämberch [ˈnɛmbɛrç]) is the largest city in Franconia, the second-largest city in the German state of Bavaria, and its 545,000 inhabitants[3] make it the 14th-largest city in Germany.

For the TV film, see Nuremberg (2000 film). For the city in Pennsylvania, see Nuremberg, Pennsylvania.

Nuremberg
Nürnberg (German)
Nämberch (Mainfränkisch)

Germany

Bavaria

Middle Franconia

Urban district

10 districts

Marcus König[1] (CSU)

186.46 km2 (71.99 sq mi)

302 m (991 ft)

523,026

2,800/km2 (7,300/sq mi)

1,374,524

3,610,543

UTC+01:00 (CET)

UTC+02:00 (CEST)

90000-90491

0911, 09122, 09129

N

nuernberg.de

Nuremberg sits on the Pegnitz, which carries the name Regnitz from its confluence with the Rednitz in Fürth onwards (Pegnitz→ Regnitz→ Main→ Rhine→ North Sea), and on the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, that connects the North Sea to the Black Sea. Lying in the Bavarian administrative region of Middle Franconia, it is the largest city and unofficial capital of the entire cultural region of Franconia. The city is surrounded on three sides by the Reichswald (de), a large forest, and in the north lies Knoblauchsland (garlic land) (de), an extensive vegetable growing area and cultural landscape.


The city forms a continuous conurbation with the neighbouring cities of Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach, which is the heart of an urban area region with around 1.4 million inhabitants,[4] while the larger Nuremberg Metropolitan Region has a population of approximately 3.6 million. It is the largest city in the East Franconian dialect area (colloquially: "Franconian"; German: Fränkisch).


Nuremberg and Fürth were once connected by the Bavarian Ludwig Railway, the first steam-hauled and overall second railway opened in Germany (1835). Today, the U1 of the Nuremberg Subway runs along this route. Subway lines U2 and U3 are the first German driverless subway lines, automatically moving railcars.[5] Nuremberg Airport (Flughafen Nürnberg "Albrecht Dürer") is the second-busiest airport in Bavaria after Munich Airport, and the tenth-busiest airport in the country.


Institutions of higher education in Nuremberg include the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg), Germany's 11th-largest university, with campuses in Erlangen and Nuremberg and a university hospital in Erlangen (Universitätsklinikum Erlangen), Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm, Hochschule für Musik Nürnberg and the newly founded University of Technology Nuremberg (de). The Nuremberg exhibition centre (Messe Nürnberg) is one of the biggest convention center companies in Germany and operates worldwide.


Nuremberg Castle and the city's walls, with their many towers, are among the most impressive in Europe. Staatstheater Nürnberg is one of the five Bavarian state theatres,[a] showing operas, operettas, musicals, and ballets (main venue: Nuremberg Opera House), plays (main venue: Schauspielhaus Nürnberg), as well as concerts (main venue: Meistersingerhalle). Its orchestra, the Staatsphilharmonie Nürnberg, is Bavaria's second-largest opera orchestra after the Bavarian State Opera's Bavarian State Orchestra in Munich. Nuremberg is the birthplace of Albrecht Dürer and Johann Pachelbel. 1. FC Nürnberg is the most famous football club of the city and one of the most successful football clubs in Germany. Nuremberg was one of the host cities of the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

The city had been the location of the Nazi Party's Nuremberg rallies and the laws stripping Jews of their citizenship were passed there. There was symbolic value in making it the place of Nazi demise.

The was spacious and largely undamaged (one of the few that had remained largely intact despite extensive Allied bombing of Germany). The already large courtroom was reasonably easily expanded by the removal of the wall at the end opposite the bench, thereby incorporating the adjoining room. A large prison was also part of the complex.

Palace of Justice

As a compromise, it was agreed that Berlin would become the permanent seat of the International Military Tribunal and that the first trial (several were planned) would take place in Nuremberg. Due to the , subsequent trials never took place.

Cold War

Germanisches Nationalmuseum

House of Albrecht Dürer

Kunsthalle Nürnberg

Kunstverein Nürnberg

(Modern Art Museum)

Neues Museum Nürnberg

Nuremberg Toy Museum

Nuremberg Transport Museum

: the three castles that tower over the city including central burgraves' castle, with Free Reich's buildings to the east, the Imperial castle to the west.

Nuremberg Castle

. In the centre of the city, on the bank of the river Pegnitz, stands the Hospital of the Holy Spirit. Founded in 1332, this is one of the largest hospitals of the Middle Ages. Lepers were kept here at some distance from the other patients. It now houses elderly persons and a restaurant.

Heilig-Geist-Spital

The Hauptmarkt, dominated by the front of the unique Frauenkirche (Our Lady's Church), provides a picturesque setting for the famous Christmas market. A main attraction on the square is the Gothic Schöner Brunnen (Beautiful Fountain) which was erected around 1385 but subsequently replaced with a replica (the original fountain is kept in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum). The unchanged Renaissance bridge Fleischbrücke crosses the Pegnitz nearby.

Gothic

The Lorenzkirche (St. Laurence church) dominates the southern part of the walled city and is one of the most important buildings in Nuremberg. The main body was built around 1270–1350.

Gothic

The even earlier and equally impressive is St. Lorenz's counterpart in the northern part of the old city.

Sebalduskirche

The church of the former is preserved as a ruin, the charterhouse (Kartause) is integrated into the building of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum and the choir of the former Franziskanerkirche is part of a modern building.

Katharinenkloster

Other churches located inside the city walls are: , Saint Clare's, Saint Martha's, Saint James the Greater's, Saint Giles's, and Saint Elisabeth's.

St. Laurence's

The is Germany's largest museum of cultural history, among its exhibits are works of famous painters such as Albrecht Dürer, Rembrandt, and Ernst Ludwig Kirchner.

Germanisches Nationalmuseum

The Neues Museum Nürnberg is a museum for modern and contemporary art.

The Walburga Chapel and the Romanesque Doppelkapelle (Chapel with two floors) are part of Nuremberg Castle.

The Johannisfriedhof is a medieval cemetery, containing many old graves (Albrecht Dürer, , and others). The Rochusfriedhof or the Wöhrder Kirchhof are near the Old Town.

Willibald Pirckheimer

The (Kettensteg), the first chain bridge on the European continent.

Chain Bridge

The is a zoo stretching over more than 60 hectares (148 acres) in the Nuremberg Reichswald (or Nürnberger Reichswald) forest.

Tiergarten Nürnberg

There is also a medieval market just inside the city walls, selling handcrafted goods.

The (in German) (an Anchor Point of ERIH, The European Route of Industrial Heritage) is located in Nuremberg.

German National Railways Museum

The (now welded within an iron fence of Schöner Brunnen) is said to bring good luck to those that spin it.

Nuremberg Ring

The with the documentation-center.

Nazi party rally grounds

German Champion: 1920, 1921, 1924, 1925, 1927, 1936, 1948, 1961, 1968

German Cup: 1935, 1939, 1962, 2007

Italy; since 1954 a twin town, relations renewed in 1999 as a cooperation agreement[47]

Venice

List of mayors of Nuremberg

Racetrack, where Pedro Rodriguez died in 1971

Norisring

Nuremberg Architecture Prize

Nuremberg travel guide from Wikivoyage

, ed. (1911). "Nuremberg" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Chisholm, Hugh

English website of the city

KUNSTNÜRNBERG – Online – Magazine for Contemporary Art and History of Art in Nuremberg and Franconia

in The European Library

49 digitised objects on Nuremberg