Katana VentraIP

Offal

Offal (/ˈɒfəl, ˈɔːfəl/), also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, is the internal organs of a butchered animal. The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, and these lists of organs vary with culture and region, but usually exclude skeletal muscle. Offal may also refer to the by-products of milled grains, such as corn or wheat.[1]

Some cultures strongly consider offal consumption to be taboo, while others use it as part of their everyday food or, in many instances, as delicacies. Certain offal dishes—including foie gras and pâté—are often regarded as gourmet food in the culinary arts. Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and are consumed especially during holidays; some examples are sweetbread, Jewish chopped liver, Scottish haggis, U.S. chitterlings, and Mexican menudo. On the other hand, intestines are traditionally used as casing for sausages.


Depending on the context, offal may refer only to those parts of an animal carcass discarded after butchering or skinning; offal not used directly for human or animal consumption is often processed in a rendering plant, producing material that is used for fertilizer or fuel; or in some cases, it may be added to commercially produced pet food. In earlier times, mobs sometimes threw offal and other rubbish at condemned criminals as a show of public disapproval.[2]

Indonesian goat's liver satay

Indonesian goat's liver satay

Padang style fried cow lung from West Sumatra, Indonesia

Padang style fried cow lung from West Sumatra, Indonesia

Soto babat, spicy tripe soup

Soto babat, spicy tripe soup

Gulai otak, Indonesian cattle's brain curry

Gulai otak, Indonesian cattle's brain curry

Deep fried crispy chicken intestines as snack

Deep fried crispy chicken intestines as snack

tacos de lengua: boiled

beef tongue

tacos de sesos:

beef brain

tacos de cabeza: every part of the cow's head, including lips, cheeks, eyes, etc.

tacos de ojo: cow's eyes

tacos de chicharrón: fried pork rinds (), a common snack food item

chicharrón

tacos de tripas: beef tripe ()

tripas

The internal organs of the pufferfish are highly toxic—in Japan, fugu can only be prepared by trained master chefs, working under extremely strict regulations, sanitary conditions, and licensing. Even a residual portion of fugu toxin can be fatal.[35]

fugu

The liver of the is unsafe to eat because it is very high in vitamin A and can cause hypervitaminosis A, a dangerous disorder. This has been recognized since at least 1597 when Gerrit de Veer wrote in his diary that, while taking refuge in the winter in Novaya Zemlya, he and his men became gravely ill after eating polar-bear liver. Seal liver is similarly toxic,[36] as is dog liver.[37]

polar bear

Some animal intestines are very high in bacteria and need to be washed and cooked thoroughly to be safe for eating.

coliform

Nervous system tissue can be contaminated with prions, which cause bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, "mad cow disease"); in some jurisdictions these offal are classified as specified risk materials and are subject to special regulations.[38]

TSE

Offal very high in can precipitate an acute attack of gout in someone with the condition.[39]

purines

Certain types of offal, including kidneys, stomach, intestines, heart, tongue, and liver, can be very high in cholesterol and saturated fats.[41][42][43][44]

[40]

The practice of feeding raw offal to dogs on farms and ranches can spread , a potentially fatal parasitic disease of animals, including humans.

echinococcosis

The United Kingdom banned the sale of animal brains in order to curtail the spread of in the 1980s and 90s.[45]

mad cow disease

A similar ban is imposed by the on animal lungs in the United States due to concerns such as fungal spores or cross-contamination with other organs, although these concerns have been criticized as unfounded.[45]

Food and Drug Administration

The offal of certain animals is unsafe to consume:

Fergus Henderson

St John

Incanto (San Francisco, California, United States)

Chris Cosentino

Edwards, Nina (2013). Offal: A Global History. London: Reaktion Books.  9781780230979. OCLC 809911205.

ISBN

ISBN

McLagan, Jennifer (2011). Odd Bits: How to Cook the Rest of the Animal. Berkeley, Calif.: Ten Speed Press.  9781580083348. OCLC 694832866.

ISBN

Chris Cosentino's website dedicated to offal

Offal Good

– Preparation techniques for various offal and terms defined.

Variety Meat Terminology and Preparation Techniques