Katana VentraIP

Optical head-mounted display

An optical head-mounted display (OHMD) is a wearable device that has the capability of reflecting projected images as well as allowing the user to see through it. In some cases, this may qualify as augmented reality (AR) technology. OHMD technology has existed since 1997 in various forms, but despite a number of attempts from industry, has yet to have had major commercial success.

Diffractive waveguide – slanted elements (nanometric 10E-9). Nokia technique now licensed to Vuzix.

diffraction grating

Holographic waveguide – 3 (HOE) sandwiched together (RGB). Used by Sony and Konica Minolta.

holographic optical elements

Polarized waveguide – 6 multilayer coated (25–35) polarized reflectors in glass sandwich. Developed by .

Lumus

Reflective waveguide – A thick light guide with single semi-reflective mirror is used by in their Moverio product. A curved light guide with partial-reflective segmented mirror array to out-couple the light is used by tooz technologies GmbH.[1]

Epson

"Clear-Vu" reflective waveguide – thin monolithic molded plastic w/ surface reflectors and conventional coatings developed by and used in their ORA product.

Optinvent

Switchable waveguide – developed by .

SBG Labs

Various techniques have existed for see-through HMDs. Most of these techniques can be summarized into two main families: "Curved Mirror" (or Curved Combiner) based and "Waveguide" or "Light-guide" based. The curved mirror technique has been used by Vuzix in their Star 1200 product, by Olympus, and by Laster Technologies. Various waveguide techniques have existed for some time. These techniques include diffraction optics, holographic optics, polarized optics, and reflective optics:

or buttons

Touchpad

Compatible devices (e.g. or control unit)

smartphones

Speech recognition

Gesture recognition

Eye tracking

Brain–computer interface

Head-mounted displays are not designed to be workstations, and traditional input devices such as keyboards do not support the concept of smart glasses. Input devices that lend themselves to mobility and/or hands-free use are good candidates, for example:

On 17 April 2012, 's CEO Colin Baden stated that the company has been working on a way to project information directly onto lenses since 1997, and has 600 patents related to the technology, many of which apply to optical specifications.[2]

Oakley

On 18 June 2012, announced the MR (Mixed Reality) System which simultaneously merges virtual objects with the real world at full scale and in 3D. Unlike the Google Glass, the MR System is aimed for professional use with a price tag for the headset and accompanying system is $125,000, with $25,000 in expected annual maintenance.[3]

Canon

Market structure[edit]

Analytics company IHS has estimated that the shipments of smart glasses may rise from just 50,000 units in 2012 to as high as 6.6 million units in 2016.[10] According to a survey of more than 4,600 U.S. adults conducted by Forrester Research, around 12 percent of respondents are willing to wear Google Glass or other similar device if it offers a service that piques their interest.[11] Business Insider's BI Intelligence expects an annual sales of 21 million Google Glass units by 2018.[12]


According to reliable reports, Samsung and Microsoft are expected to develop their own version of Google Glass within six months with a price range of $200 to $500. Samsung has reportedly bought lenses from Lumus, a company based in Israel. Another source says Microsoft is negotiating with Vuzix.[13]


In 2006, Apple filed patent for its own HMD device.[14]


In July 2013, APX Labs founder and CEO Brian Ballard stated that he knows of 25-30 hardware companies who are working on their own versions of smart glasses, some of which APX is working with.[15]

Epiphany Eyewear

EyeTap

Golden-i

Open Cobalt

Recon Instruments

SixthSense

Smartglasses

Virtual retinal display

University of Arizona – "Head-Mounted Display Systems" by Jannick Rolland and Hong Hua

3D VIS Lab

Optinvent – "" by Kayvan Mirza and Khaled Sarayeddine

Key Challenges to Affordable See Through Wearable Displays: The Missing Link for Mobile AR Mass Deployment

Comprehensive Review article – "" by Ozan Cakmakci and Jannick Rolland

Head-Worn Displays: A Review

Google Inc. – "" by Bernard Kress & Thad Starner (SPIE proc. # 8720, 31 May 2013)

A review of head-mounted displays (HMD) technologies and applications for consumer electronics