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Organ stop

An organ stop is a component of a pipe organ that admits pressurized air (known as wind) to a set of organ pipes. Its name comes from the fact that stops can be used selectively by the organist; each can be "on" (admitting the passage of air to certain pipes), or "off" (stopping the passage of air to certain pipes).

The term can also refer to the control that operates this mechanism, commonly called a stop tab, stop knob, or drawknob. On electric or electronic organs that imitate a pipe organ, the same terms are often used, with the exception of the Hammond organ and clonewheel organs, which use the term "drawbar".


The term is also sometimes used as a synonym for register, referring to rank(s) of pipes controlled by a single stop. Registration is the art of combining stops to produce a certain sound. The phrase "pull out all the stops,” which once only meant to engage all of the voices on the organ, has entered general usage, for deploying all available means to pursue a goal.

which octave of pitches the rank is natively tuned to

which tone quality the rank possesses (principal, trumpet, flute, etc.)

The loudest organ stop in the world is the Grand Ophicleide located in the Right Pedal division of the . It stands on 100” wind pressure and is described by Guinness World Records as having "a pure trumpet note of ear-splitting volume, more than six times the volume of the loudest locomotive whistle." A former organ curator warned the stagehands when the Grand Ophicleide was going to be used, because of the volume.

Boardwalk Hall Auditorium Organ

The mixture stop with the largest numbers of pipes, called Ple, can be found in Santanyí (Majorca), Spain. It has 22 ranks in the left hand and 25 in the right.[6]

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There are only two true and complete (acoustic, non-digital, going down to C−1) 64′ stops in the world: the Contra-Trombone 64′ in the (click here for a sound sample), and the Diaphone-Dulzian 64′ in the Boardwalk Hall Auditorium Organ (click here for a sound sample). The lowest note of these stops has a frequency of 8 Hz. Because of the limitations of most loudspeakers and the limitations of human hearing, the listener will not be able to hear the lowest frequencies in the sample, but may "feel" them and hear the harmonics above them.

Sydney Town Hall Grand Organ

Many large organs have a 64′ stop in their stoplist, but nearly all of these are either digital, acoustic imitations (32′ combined with a 21+1⁄3′ extension creating a 64′ resultant impression), upper pipes in the octave, or else a sound sample of a higher-pitched stop electronically altered to sound one or more octaves lower. The Boardwalk Hall Auditorium Organ is capable of creating a resultant 128′ stop by combining its 64′ and 42+2⁄3′ stops.

Vogelgesang (also known as rosignolo), is a bird-imitating organ stop.

[7]

Stevens Irwin, Dictionary of Pipe Organ Stops.

George Ashdown Audsley, Organ Stops and Their Artistic Registration.

Stauff, Edward L. . Archived from the original on 2016-12-06. Retrieved 2017-01-03.

"Encyclopedia of Organ Stops"

. Retrieved 2016-04-02.

"Dictionary of the most frequently used organ stops"