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Princess and dragon

Princess and dragon is an archetypical premise common to many legends, fairy tales, and chivalric romances.[1] Northrop Frye identified it as a central form of the quest romance.

The story involves an upper-class woman, generally a princess or similar high-ranking nobility, saved from a dragon, either a literal dragon or a similar danger, by the virtuous hero (see damsel in distress). She may be the first woman endangered by the peril, or may be the end of a long succession of women who were not of as high birth as she is, nor as fortunate.[2] Normally the princess ends up married to the dragon-slayer.


The motifs of the hero who finds the princess about to be sacrificed to the dragon and saves her, the false hero who takes his place, and the final revelation of the true hero, are the identifying marks of the Aarne–Thompson folktale type 300, the Dragon-Slayer. They also appear in type 303, the Two Brothers.[3] These two tales have been found, in different variants, in countries all over the world.[4]


The "princess and dragon" scenario is given even more weight in popular imagination than it is in the original tales; the stereotypical hero is envisioned as slaying dragons even though, for instance, the Brothers Grimm had only a few tales of dragon and giant slayers among hundreds of tales.[5]

Interpretations[edit]

In his study on the historical roots of the wondertale, Russian scholar Vladimir Propp interpreted the dragonslaying tale (ATU 300) as an inversion of the ancient ritual of a maiden sacrifice to a river to ensure good crops. Propp speculated that, in regards to this practice, the hero would be seem as a "profaner" of the ritual, but, as time passed, the maiden sacrifice was discarded and the hero was elevated.[18]

Diversions[edit]

In some stories, mostly in more recent literary works, the cliché involving princesses and dragons is somehow twisted to create a more exciting or humorous effect. For example, in The Paper Bag Princess, the princess came to realize that her prince was even more obnoxious than the dragon, and refused to go with him, preferring to skip off into the setting sun alone instead. In some versions, the princess may also befriend, tame, personally defeat, or even be turned into a dragon herself. Indeed, there are a few examples when a curse or spell transforms a princess into a dragon or similar creature (e.g. an alligator, giant bird, or fictional reptile species). In such stories, the transformed princess usually aids her sweetheart in a battle against a force of evil. In The Swan Princess, for example, Princess Odette is transformed into a swan, and she helps her lover triumph in a battle against the sorcerer Rothbart, who has the power to transform himself into a hideous beast (a manifestation of a lion, wolf, and bear).

Andromeda

Hesione

rescued from a serpent by Ragnar Lodbrok

Þóra Borgarhjǫrtr

Russian bogatyr who fights Zmey Gorynych

Nikita the Tanner

the

Ramayana

Perseus Freeing Andromeda After Killing Cetus, 1st century AD fresco from the Casa Dei Dioscuri, Pompeii.

Perseus Freeing Andromeda After Killing Cetus, 1st century AD fresco from the Casa Dei Dioscuri, Pompeii.

Perseus and Andromeda, by Giuseppe Cesari, 1592.

Perseus and Andromeda, by Giuseppe Cesari, 1592.

Perseus and Andromeda by Giuseppe Cesari, 1602.

Perseus and Andromeda by Giuseppe Cesari, 1602.

Perseus and Andromeda by Peter Paul Rubens, circa 1620-21.

Perseus and Andromeda by Peter Paul Rubens, circa 1620-21.

Andromeda by Eugène Delacroix. 1852.

Andromeda by Eugène Delacroix. 1852.

Andromeda by Gustave Doré, 1869.

Andromeda by Gustave Doré, 1869.

Perseus and Andromeda by Charles Napier Kennedy, 1892

Perseus and Andromeda by Charles Napier Kennedy, 1892

List of dragons in popular culture

List of fictional princesses

Bauman, R. (1970). "A Sixteenth Century Version of The Dragon-Slayer". In: Fabula 11 (Jahresband): 137–143, Available From: De Gruyter [Accessed 9 October 2020]

https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1970.11.1.137

Hart, Donn V., and Harriett C. Hart. "A Philippine Version of "The Two Brothers and the Dragon Slayer" Tale." In: Western Folklore 19, no. 4 (1960): 263-75. doi:10.2307/1497353.

Marjanić, Suzana. (2010). "Dragon and Hero or How to Kill a Dragon – on the Example of the Legends of Međimurje about the Grabancijaš and the Dragon (Zmaj i junak ili kako ubiti zmaja na primjeru međimurskih predaja o grabancijašu i pozoju)". In: . 13. 127. 10.3986/sms.v13i0.1644.

Studia mythologica Slavica

Rebel, Hermann. "When Women Held the Dragon's Tongue." In: When Women Held the Dragon's Tongue: And Other Essays in Historical Anthropology. pp. 131–80. , 2010. www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qcq7b.10.

Berghahn Books

Velie, Alan R. "The Dragon Killer, The Wild Man and Hal", Fabula 17, Jahresband (1976): 269–274, doi:

https://doi.org/10.1515/fabl.1976.17.1.269