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Principality of Orange

The Principality of Orange (French: Principauté d'Orange) was, from 1163 to 1713, a feudal state in Provence, in the south of modern-day France, on the east bank of the river Rhone, north of the city of Avignon, and surrounded by the independent papal state of Comtat Venaissin.

"County of Orange" redirects here. For other uses, see Orange County.

Principality of Orange
Principauté d'Orange (French)

Vassal state of the Holy Roman Empire

Orange

Feudal Monarchy

 

Bertrand I of Baux (first)

William III of Orange and England (last)

 

1163

1713

108 sq mi (280 km2)

It was constituted in 1163, when Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I elevated the Burgundian County of Orange (consisting of the city of Orange and the land surrounding it) to a sovereign principality within the Empire. The principality became part of the scattered holdings of the house of Orange-Nassau from the time that William the Silent inherited the title of Prince of Orange from his cousin in 1544, until it was finally ceded to France in 1713 under the Treaty of Utrecht. Although permanently lost by the Nassaus then, this fief gave its name to the extant Royal House of the Netherlands. The area of the principality was approximately 12 miles (19 km) long by 9 miles (14 km) wide, or 108 square miles (280 km2).[1]

(only the 13th through the 14th century);[5]

Bouchet

Causans (today part of the Jonquières);

[6]

Châteauneuf-de-Redortier (today part of the Suzette);

[7]

(enclave in the Dauphiné);[8]

Condorcet

;[9]

Courthézon

Derboux (today, part of [10]);

Mondragon

;[11]

Gigondas

;[12]

Jonquières

[13][8] (enclave in the Dauphiné, bordering on the Comtat Venaissin);

Montbrison

Montmirail;

;[13]

Montréal-les-Sources

[8] until its reattachment to the County of Grignan in Provence;

Montségur

;[14]

Orange

today a dependency of Bollène [14] (it consists of the ruin of a castle and a Roman era chapel);

Saint-Blaise

;[13]

Suze-la-Rousse

;[15]

Suzette

(today part of Gigondas);

Saint-André-de-Ramières

,[13] from the 12th to the 16th century, when it was annexed to the Dauphiné;

Tulette

[13] (enclave en Dauphiné), where, in 1256, there was a tribute from Lord Guillaume des Baux, Prince of Orange, to the Seneschal of Provence;

Villebois-les-Pins

.[16]

Violès

The territory of the principality was 180 square km (70 sq. mi.), 19 km (12 miles) long and 15 km (10 miles) wide. It was oriented with its base on the eastern bank of the Rhône extending east to west towards Dentelles de Montmirail. It also included several enclaves in the Dauphiné.


The principality comprised the following towns:

Prince of Orange

Orange (word)