Radovan Karadžić

Radovan Karadžić (Serbian Cyrillic: Радован Караџић, pronounced [râdoʋaːn kâradʒitɕ]; born 19 June 1945) is a Bosnian Serb politician who was convicted of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).^[2] He was the president of Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War.

Radovan Karadžić

Position established

Biljana Plavšić

Position established

Aleksa Buha

(1945-06-19) 19 June 1945
Petnjica, Montenegro, Yugoslavia

Bosnia and Herzegovina^[1]

Serb Democratic Party

Ljiljana Zelen Karadžić

2 (including Sonja)

Psychiatrist

Genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes

Life imprisonment

Trained as a psychiatrist, he co-founded the Serb Democratic Party in Bosnia and Herzegovina and served as the first president of Republika Srpska from 1992 to 1996. He was a fugitive from 1996 until July 2008, after having been indicted for war crimes by the ICTY.^[3] The indictment concluded there were reasonable grounds for believing he committed war crimes, including genocide against Bosniak and Croat civilians during the Bosnian War (1992–1995).^[3] While a fugitive, he worked at a private clinic in Belgrade, specializing in alternative medicine and psychology, under an alias.^[4]

He was arrested in Belgrade in 2008 and brought before Belgrade's War Crimes Court a few days later.^[3] Extradited to the Netherlands, he was placed in the custody of the ICTY in the United Nations Detention Unit of Scheveningen, where he was charged with 11 counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity.^[5]^[6] He is sometimes referred to by the Western media as the "Butcher of Bosnia",^[7]^[8]^[9] a sobriquet also applied to former Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) General Ratko Mladić.^[10]^[11]^[12] In 2016, he was found guilty of the genocide in Srebrenica, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, 10 of the 11 charges in total, and sentenced to 40 years' imprisonment.^[13]^[14] In 2019, an appeal he had filed against his conviction was rejected, and the sentence was increased to life imprisonment.^[15] In 2021, it was announced that he would be transferred to a British prison.^[16]

Five counts of (Article 5 of the Statute – extermination, murder, persecutions on political, racial and religious grounds, persecutions, inhumane acts (forcible transfer));

crimes against humanity

Three counts of violations of the (Article 3 of the Statute – murder, unlawfully inflicting terror upon civilians, taking hostages);

laws of war

One count of grave breaches of the (Article 2 of the Statute – willful killing).^[40]

Geneva Conventions

Unlawful because of religious or national identity.^[41]

transfer of civilians

Bratunac

Srebrenica

Banja Luka

Count 4: Extermination, a Crime Against Humanity.

Count 5: Murder, a Crime Against Humanity.

Count 6: Murder, a Violation of the Laws or Customs of War.

Count 7: Deportation, a Crime Against Humanity.

Count 8: Inhumane Acts (forcible transfer), a Crime Against Humanity.

Count 9: Acts of Violence the Primary Purpose of which is to Spread Terror among the Civilian Population, a Violation of the Laws or Customs of War.

Count 10: Unlawful Attacks on Civilians, a Violation of the Laws or Customs of War.

Count 11: Taking of Hostages, a Violation of the Laws or Customs of War.

1968: Ludo koplje (Svjetlost, Sarajevo)

1971: Pamtivek (Svjetlost, Sarajevo)

1990: Crna bajka (Svjetlost, Sarajevo)

1992: Rat u Bosni: Kako je počelo

1994: Ima čuda, nema čuda

2001: Od Ludog koplja do Crne bajke (Dobrica knjiga, Novi Sad)

2004: Čudesna hronika noći (IGAM, Belgrade)

2005: Pod levu sisu veka (Književna zajednica Veljko Vidaković, Niš)

Karadžić published several books of poetry, many of which were published whilst in hiding.

Literary award for poetry, 1969

Jovan Dučić

Literary award on 16 May 1994, by the Union of Russian Writers.^[94]

Michail Sholokhov

Knights' Order of the First Rank of of Zante,^[95] 1994, by the Greek Orthodox Church.

Radovan Karadžić