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Regia Marina

The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy'; pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").[1][2][3]

Not to be confused with Regina Maria.

2 incomplete and damaged aircraft carriers

5 battleships

9 cruisers

11 destroyers

22 frigates

19 corvettes

44 fast coastal patrol units

50 minesweepers

16 amphibious operations vessels

2 school ships

1 support ship and plane transport

various submarine units

After the end of hostilities, the Regia Marina started a long and complex rebuilding process. At the beginning of the war, the Regia Marina was the fourth largest navy in the world with a mix of modernised and new battleships. The important combat contributions of the Italian naval forces after the signing of the armistice with the Allies on 8 September 1943 and the subsequent cooperation agreement on 23 September 1943 left the Regia Marina in a poor condition. Much of its infrastructure and bases were unusable and its ports mined and blocked by sunken ships. However, a large number of its naval units had survived the war, albeit in a low efficiency state. This was due to the conflict and the age of many vessels.


The vessels that remained were:


On 2 June 1946, the Italian monarchy was abolished by a popular referendum. The Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) ended and was replaced by the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana). The Regia Marina became the Navy of the Italian Republic (Marina Militare).

A ban on owning, building or experimenting with atomic weapons, self-propulsion projectiles or related launchers

A ban on owning battleships, aircraft carriers, submarines and amphibious assault units.

A ban on operating military installations on the islands of and Pianosa; and the Pelagie Islands.

Pantelleria

The total displacement, battleships excluded, of the future navy was not allowed to be greater than 67,500 tons, while the staff was capped at 25,000 men.

On 10 February 1947, a peace treaty was signed in Paris between the Italian Republic and the victorious powers of World War II. The treaty was onerous for the Italian Navy. Apart from territorial and material losses, the following restrictions were imposed:


The treaty also ordered Italy to put the following ships at the disposals of the victorious nations United States, Soviet Union, Great Britain, France, Greece, Yugoslavia, and Albania as war compensation:


The convoy escort Ramb III ultimately became the Yugoslav Navy yacht Galeb. Galeb was used by the late President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Marshal Josip Broz Tito on his numerous foreign trips and to entertain heads of state.

Duilio class

Enrico Dandolo

Ruggiero di Lauria class

GR104 (ex-Andrea Doria)

Re Umberto class

Sardegna

Ammiraglio di Saint Bon class

Ammiraglio di Saint Bon

Regina Margherita class

Regina Margherita

Regina Elena class

Regina Elena

Dante Alighieri

Conte di Cavour class

Conte di Cavour

Andrea Doria class

Andrea Doria

Comune di 2ª classe – (historical equivalent in the British Navy, ordinary seaman)

Seaman apprentice

Comune di 1ª classe – (historical equivalent in the British Nave, able bodied seaman)

Seaman

Sottocapo –

Leading seaman

Sergente – Petty officer 2nd class

Secondo capo – Petty officer 1st class

Capo di terza classe – Chief petty officer 2nd class

Capo di seconda classe – Chief petty officer 1st class

Capo di prima classe – Warrant officer

Cruiser Raimondo Montecuccoli in Venice in 1941

Cruiser Raimondo Montecuccoli in Venice in 1941

Original Maiale (manned torpedo) on display

Original Maiale (manned torpedo) on display

Major Teseo Tesei, inventor of the Maiale, ready to ride one in Malta.

Major Teseo Tesei, inventor of the Maiale, ready to ride one in Malta.

Italian submarine Adua, sunk in September 1941 near Gibraltar.

Italian submarine Adua, sunk in September 1941 near Gibraltar.

The destroyer Sella, one of the major Italian navy units in the Aegean Sea

The destroyer Sella, one of the major Italian navy units in the Aegean Sea

Auxiliary ship Olterra, outfitted as a secret base for manned torpedoes at Algeciras

Auxiliary ship Olterra, outfitted as a secret base for manned torpedoes at Algeciras

Light cruiser Eugenio di Savoia, Admiral Da Zara's flagship during the battle of Mid-June (1942)

Light cruiser Eugenio di Savoia, Admiral Da Zara's flagship during the battle of Mid-June (1942)

Concessions in Tianjin

List of battleships of Italy

Royal Italian Army

Regia Aeronautica

Italian Co-Belligerent Navy

Naval history of World War II

List of ships of the Second World War

Borghese, Junio Valerio (1952). Sea Devils, translated into English by James Cleugh, with introduction by the ISBN 1-55750-072-X

United States Naval Institute

Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905, London, Conway is Maritime Press (1979),  0-85177-133-5

ISBN

Coggins, Jack The Campaign for North Africa. New York, Doubleday & Company (1980)  0-385-04351-1.

ISBN

Garibaldi, Luciano. Century of War. Friedman/Fairfax Publishers. New York, 2001.  1-58663-342-2

ISBN

Greene, Jack & Massignani, Alessandro (1998). The Naval War in the Mediterranean, 1940–1943, Chatham Publishing, London.  1-86176-057-4

ISBN

Meyer, Günther (2012). "Italian Warships on the Northern Italian Lakes". Warship International. XLIX (2): 174.  0043-0374.

ISSN

Mollo, Andrew. "The Armed Forces of World War II".  0-517-54478-4

ISBN

O'Hara, Vincent P. (2009). Struggle for the Middle Sea: the great navies at war in the Mediterranean theater, 1940–1945. Annapolis, Md: Naval Institute Press.  978-1-59114-648-3.

ISBN

Piekalkiewicz, Janusz. Sea War: 1939–1945. Blandford Press, London & New York, 1987,  0-7137-1665-7

ISBN

Rohwer, Jürgen; Hümmelchen, Gerhard (1992) [1968 (in German)]. Chronology of the war at sea, 1939–1945: the naval history of World War Two (2nd, rev. expanded ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.  1-55750-105-X.

ISBN

and S.L. Mayer, eds. A History Of World War Two. London: Octopus Books, 1974. ISBN 0-7064-0399-1.

Taylor, A.J.P.

Tobagi, Walter, The Fall of Fascism: Badoglio & C Strategists of Defeat – 1943. Milan, Italy: Fabbri Brothers, 1973.

(in Italian)

Official historical site of the Italian Navy

The Italian Navy in World War II