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Reserve Bank of Australia

The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) is Australia's central bank and banknote issuing authority. It has had this role since 14 January 1960, when the Reserve Bank Act 1959 removed the central banking functions from the Commonwealth Bank.[3]

Headquarters

14 January 1960 (1960-01-14)

$80,837 million (AUD)

None

4.35%[2]

The bank's main policy role is to control inflation levels within a target range of 2–3%, by controlling the unemployment rate according to the 'non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment' (NAIRU) by controlling the official cash rate. The NAIRU was implemented in most western nations after 1975, and has been maintained at a target of 5–6% unemployment. The average unemployment rate in Australia between the end of the Second World War and the implementation of the NAIRU was consistently between 1 and 2%. Since the implementation of the NAIRU, the average unemployment rate in Australia has been close to 6%.


The RBA also provides services to the Government of Australia and services to other central banks and official institutions.[4] The RBA currently comprises the Payments System Board, which sets the payment system policy of the bank, and the Reserve Bank Board, which sets all other monetary and banking policies of the bank.[5]


Both boards consist of members of the bank, the Treasury, other Australian government agencies, and leaders of other institutions that are part of the Australian economy.[5][6] The structure of the Reserve Bank Board has remained consistent ever since 1951, with the exception of the change in the number of members of the board.[3] The governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia is appointed by the Treasurer and chairs both the Payment Systems and Reserve Bank Boards and when there are disagreements between both boards, the governor resolves them.[5][7]

20-22 , Canberra: Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Canberra

London Circuit

65 , Sydney: Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Sydney

Martin Place

A number of buildings associated with the Reserve Bank are heritage-listed, including:

Australian dollar

Australian Prudential Regulation Authority

Bank Notes Tax Act 1910

Banking in Australia

Central bank

Note Printing Australia

Official cash rate

Royal Australian Mint

List of central banks

Members are eligible to be appointed to another term.

^A

Reserve Bank of Australia

Museum of Australian Currency Notes