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Sacrament of Penance

The Sacrament of Penance[a] (also commonly called the Sacrament of Reconciliation or Confession) is one of the seven sacraments of the Catholic Church (known in Eastern Christianity as sacred mysteries), in which the faithful are absolved from sins committed after baptism and reconciled with the Christian community. During reconciliation mortal sins must be confessed and venial sins may be confessed for devotional reasons. According to the dogma and unchanging practice of the church, only those ordained as priests may grant absolution.[3]

This article is about one of the sacraments of the Catholic Church. For confession in other religions, see Confession (disambiguation) § Religion. For penance in other religions, see Penance. For reconciliation in other religions, see Reconciliation (theology).

Nature[edit]

The church teaches, based on the Parable of the Prodigal Son, that confession is not a tribunal or criminal court, where one is condemned by God like a criminal, but a "wedding banquet hall, where the community celebrates Easter, Christ's victory over sin and death, in the joyful experience of his forgiving mercy." In confession, the church believes, God judges a person in the sense of bringing to light his or her sins, by granting the person the ability to confess his or her sins to the confessor, then grants the person repentance and, through the confessor, grants the person forgiveness. God's forgiveness restores the person to "the brightness of the white robe of baptism, a garment specifically required to participate in the [wedding] feast."[4]

Christian views on sin

Handbook for a Confessor

Note on the importance of the internal forum and the inviolability of the Sacramental Seal

Paenitentiam agere

Reconciliatio et paenitentia

Seven deadly sins

Spiritual Communion

Bieler, Ludwig (ed. and tr.) (1963). The Irish Penitentials. Scriptores Latini Hiberniae 5. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.

Church, Catholic. "" Translated by Rev. H.J. Schroeder, O.P., published by Tan Books and Publishers, Rockford, IL 61105

The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent

Curran, Thomas (2010). . MCF Press. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2011-03-15.

Confession: Five Sentences that will Heal Your Life

Frantzen, Allen J. (1983). The Literature of Penance in Anglo-Saxon England. New Brunswick, New Jersey.{{}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

cite book

Frantzen, Allen J. . Archived from the original on August 21, 2009. Retrieved March 12, 2010.

"The Anglo-Saxon Penitentials: A cultural database"

Hamilton, Sarah (2001). The Practice of Penance, c. 900-c. 1050. Royal Historical Society Studies in History. Woodbridge.{{}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

cite book

Payer, Pierre J. (1984). Sex and the Penitentials: The Development of a Sexual Code 55-1150. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Smith, Julie Ann (2001). Ordering Women's Lives: Penitentials and Nunnery Rules in the Early Medieval West. Aldershot: Ashgate.

International Theological Commission (1982). . vatican.va. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012. Prepared for 1983 Synod of Bishops.

"Penance and reconciliation"