Katana VentraIP

Sargon of Akkad

Sargon of Akkad (/ˈsɑːrɡɒn/; Akkadian: 𒊬𒊒𒄀, romanized: Šarrugi),[3] also known as Sargon the Great,[4] was the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire, known for his conquests of the Sumerian city-states in the 24th to 23rd centuries BC.[2] He is sometimes identified as the first person in recorded history to rule over an empire.

This article is about the Akkadian king. For the Assyrian kings, see Sargon I and Sargon II. For the YouTuber, see Carl Benjamin. For other uses, see Sargon.

Sargon of Akkad
𒊬𒊒𒄀

c. 2334–2279 BC (MC)[2]

Rimush

Tashlultum

Manishtushu, Rimush, Enheduanna, Ibarum, Abaish-Takal

Akkadian (Sargonic)

La'ibum

He was the founder of the "Sargonic" or "Old Akkadian" dynasty, which ruled for about a century after his death until the Gutian conquest of Sumer.[5] The Sumerian King List makes him the cup-bearer to King Ur-Zababa of Kish.[6]


His empire is thought to have included most of Mesopotamia, parts of the Levant, and incursions into Hurrian and Elamite territory, ruling from his (archaeologically as yet unidentified) capital, Akkad.


Sargon appears as a legendary figure in Neo-Assyrian literature of the 8th to 7th centuries BC. Tablets with fragments of a Sargon Birth Legend were found in the Library of Ashurbanipal.[7][8]

History of Mesopotamia

List of kings of Akkad

List of Mesopotamian dynasties

Albright, W. F., "A Babylonian Geographical Treatise on Sargon of Akkad's Empire", Journal of the American Oriental Society, pp. 193–245, 1925

Bachvarova, Mary R., "Sargon the Great: from history to myth", in From Hittite to Homer: The Anatolian Background of Ancient Greek Epic, pp. 166–198, Cambridge University Press, 2016  9780521509794

ISBN

et al., "A Companion to the Ancient near East", Blackwell, 2005 ISBN 9780631232933

Beaulieu, Paul-Alain

Botsforth, George W., "The Reign of Sargon", "A Source-Book of Ancient History", New York: Macmillan, 1912

Foster, Benjamin R., "The Age of Agade. Inventing Empire in Ancient Mesopotamia", Routledge, 2016  9781138909755

ISBN

Glassner, Jean-Jacques, "Mesopotamian Chronicles", Society of Biblical Literature, 2004  1-58983-090-3

ISBN

Grayson, Albert Kirk, "Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles", J. J. Augustin, 1975; Eisenbrauns, 2000

Jacobsen, Thorkild, "The Sumerian King List", Assyriological Studies, AS 11, Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1939

[9]

King, L. W., "Chronicles Concerning Early Babylonian Kings", II, London, pp. 87–96, 1907

[10]

"The Sumerians: Their History, Culture and Character", Chicago, 1963

Kramer, S. Noah

Kramer, S. Noah, "History Begins at Sumer: Thirty-Nine "Firsts" in Recorded History", Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1981

Lewis, Brian, "The Sargon Legend: A Study of the Akkadian Text and the Tale of the Hero Who Was Exposed at Birth", American Schools of Oriental Research Dissertation Series, no. 4, Cambridge, MA: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1984

Luckenbill, D. D., "On the Opening Lines of the Legend of Sargon", The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, pp. 145–46, 1917

Postgate, Nicholas. "Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History", Routledge, 1994

Roux, G., "Ancient Iraq", London, 1980

Sallaberger, Walter, "Mesopotamien. Akkade-Zeit und Ur III-Zeit", Annäherungen 3. OBO 160/3. Freiburg, Schweiz/Göttingen, 1999  978-3-525-53325-3

ISBN

Schomp, Virginia, "Ancient Mesopotamia", Franklin Watts, 2005  0-531-16741-0

ISBN

"A History of the Ancient Near East: ca. 3000–323 BC", Blackwell, 2006 ISBN 978-1-4051-4911-2

Van de Mieroop, Marc