Sexualization
Sexualization (sexualisation in Commonwealth English) is the emphasis of the sexual nature of a behavior or person.[1][2] Sexualization is linked to sexual objectification, treating a person solely as an object of sexual desire. According to the American Psychological Association, sexualization occurs when "individuals are regarded as sex objects and evaluated in terms of their physical characteristics and sexiness."[3] "In study after study, findings have indicated that women more often than men are portrayed in a sexual manner (e.g., dressed in revealing clothing, with bodily postures or facial expressions that imply sexual readiness) and are objectified (e.g., used as a decorative object, or as body parts rather than a whole person). In addition, a narrow (and unrealistic) standard of physical beauty is heavily emphasized. These are the models of femininity presented for young girls to study and emulate."[4][5]
A person's value comes only from his or her or sexual behavior, to the exclusion of other characteristics;
sexual appeal
A person is held to a standard that equates (narrowly defined) with being sexy;
physical attractiveness
A person is —that is, made into a thing for others' sexual use, rather than seen as a person with the capacity for independent action and decision making; and/or
sexually objectified
Sexuality is inappropriately imposed upon a person.
[4]
The Cantina Girl, the Faithful, self-sacrificing señorita, and the vamp. The Cantina Girl markers are "'great sexual allure', teasing, dancing, and 'behaving in an alluring fashion.'"
The faithful, self-sacrificing Señorita starts out as a good girl and turns bad by the end. The Señorita, in an attempt to save her Anglo love interest, utilizes her body to protect him from violence.
The Vamp representation "uses her intellectual and devious sexual wiles to get what she wants." The media represents Latinas "as either [a] hot-blooded spitfire" or "[a] dutiful mother".
[46]
Child sexuality
Sexualism
Bratz
Kogal
Miss Bimbo
Rape culture
Sexual objectification
Pornographication
Social impact of thong underwear
Sexualization in the video games industry
Pornified
Female Chauvinist Pigs: Women and the Rise of Raunch Culture
Buckingham, David; Bragg, Sara (2004). Young people, sex and the media: the facts of life. Houndmills England New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 9781403918222.
ISBN
(2011). Where has my little girl gone? How to protect your daughter from growing up too soon. London: Lion. ISBN 9780745955421. A guide for parents on girls' body image and other issues.
Carey, Tanith
Charles, Claire (2014). Elite girls' schooling, social class and sexualised popular culture. New York, New York: Routledge. 9781136195884.
ISBN
(2008). The Lolita effect: the media sexualization of young girls and what we can do about it. Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press. ISBN 9781590200636. Looks at media messages and suggests that it promotes early maturation and sexualisation of pre-adolescent girls.
Durham, Meenakshi G.
Egan, R. Danielle (2013). Becoming sexual: a critical appraisal of the sexualization of girls. Cambridge Malden, MA: Polity Press. 9780745650739.
ISBN
Egan, R. Danielle; Hawkes, Gail (2010). Theorizing the sexual child in modernity. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 9781403972576.
ISBN
; Johnson, Toni Cavanagh (1993). Sexualized children: assessment and treatment of sexualized children and children who molest. Rockville, Maryland: Launch Press. ISBN 9781877872075.
Gil, Eliana
(2006). Female chauvinist pigs: women and the rise of raunch culture. New York: Free Press. ISBN 978-0743284288. A review of what Levy regards as a highly sexualized American culture in which women are objectified, objectify one another, and are encouraged to objectify themselves.
Levy, Ariel
(2007). Prude: how the sex-obsessed culture damages girls (and America too!). New York: Center Street. ISBN 9781599956831. Looks at sex in contemporary culture and the impact it has on young girls.
Liebau, Carol P.
(2005). Pornified: how pornography is transforming our lives, our relationships, and our families. New York: Times Books. ISBN 9780805081329. Pamela Paul discusses the impact of ready access to pornography on Americans.
Paul, Pamela
Sarracino, Carmine; Scott, Kevin M. (2008). The porning of America: the rise of porn culture, what it means, and where we go from here. Boston, Mass: Beacon Press. 9780807061541. Argues that pornography has become a mainstream part of American culture.