Thomas J. Sargent

Education[edit]

Sargent graduated from Monrovia High School.^[5] He earned his B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley in 1964, being the University Medalist as Most Distinguished Scholar in Class of 1964, and his PhD from Harvard in 1968, under supervision of John R. Meyer.^[6] Sargent's classmates at Harvard included Christopher A. Sims. After serving in the U.S. Army as a first lieutenant and captain, he moved on to teaching.^[7] He held teaching positions at the University of Pennsylvania (1970–71), University of Minnesota (1971–87), University of Chicago (1991–98), Stanford University (1998–2002) and Princeton University (2009), and is currently a professor of economics at New York University (since 2002). He previously held the position of President of the American Economic Association and the Econometric Society where he has been a fellow since 1976.^[7] In 1983, Sargent was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and also the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.^[8] He has been a senior fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford University since the year 1987.

Sargent is one of the leaders of the "rational expectations revolution," which argues that the people being modeled by economists can predict the future, or the probability of future outcomes, at least as well as the economist can with his model. Rational expectations was introduced into economics by John Muth,^[9] then Robert Lucas, Jr., and Edward C. Prescott took it much farther. In work written in close collaboration with Lucas and Neil Wallace, Thomas J. Sargent contributed fundamentally to the evolution of new classical macroeconomics.^[10]


Sargent's main contributions to rational expectations were these:


In 1975 he and Wallace proposed the policy-ineffectiveness proposition, which challenged a basic assumption of Keynesian economics.


Sargent went on to refine or extend rational expectations reasoning by further:


Sargent has also been a pioneer in introducing recursive economics to academic study, especially for macroeconomic issues such as unemployment, fiscal and monetary policy, and growth. His series of textbooks, co-authored with Lars Ljungqvist, are seminal in the contemporary graduate economics curriculum.


Sargent has pursued a research program with Ljungqvist^[26] designed to understand determinants of differences in unemployment outcomes in Europe and the United States during the last 30 years. The two key questions the program addresses are why, in the 1950s and 1960s, unemployment was systematically lower in Europe than in the United States and why, for two and a half decades after 1980, unemployment has been systematically higher in Europe than in the United States. In "Two Questions about European Unemployment," the answer is that "Europe has stronger employment protection despite also having had more generous government supplied unemployment compensation"." While the institutional differences remained the same over this time period, the microeconomic environment for workers changed, with a higher risk of human capital depreciation in the 1980s.^[27]


In 1997, he won the Nemmers Prize in Economics^[28]


In 2011, he was awarded the NAS Award for Scientific Reviewing from the National Academy of Sciences^[29] and, in September, he became the recipient of the 2011 CME Group-MSRI Prize in Innovative Quantitative Applications.^[30]


Sargent is known as a devoted teacher. Among his PhD advisees are men and women at the forefront of macroeconomic research . Sargent's reading group at Stanford and NYU is a famous institution among graduate students in economics.^[31][32]


In 2016, Sargent helped found the non-profit QuantEcon project, which is dedicated to the development and documentation of modern open source computational tools for economics, econometrics, and decision making.^[33]


Currently he is director of the Sargent Institute of Quantitative Economics and Finance (SIQEF) at Peking University HSBC Business School in Shenzhen.^[34]