Udai Manikya I

1567–1572

Gopi Prasad

1572

Hira Mahadevi[1]

c. 1400–1431

c. 1400–1431

1431–1462

1462–1487

1490–1515

1515–1520

1520–1530

1530–1532

1532–1563

1563–1567

1567–1573

1573–1577

1577–1585

1586–1600

1600–1623

1623–1626

1626–1660

1660–1661

1661–1667

1661–1673

1673–1685

1685–1693

1693–1695

1695–1712

1712–1714

1714–1725

1725–1729

1729–1739

c. 1739–1744

c. 1744–1746

c. 1744

1746–1748

1740s/1750s

1750s–1760

1760–1783

1785–1806

1806–1809

1809–1813

1813–1826

1826–1829

1849–1862

1862–1896

1947–1949
1949–1978 (titular)

1978–present (titular)

Life[edit]

Originally named Gopi Prasad, he was of humble origins.[2] He began his career during the reign of Vijaya Manikya II, serving as a gomasta (rent-collector) in Dharmanagar,[3] though was later driven out of this position after having climbed a tree belonging to a Brahmin.[4] Thereafter, he was appointed as a cook in the royal kitchens, then a chowkidar, before ultimately rising to become Commander-in-Chief of the Tripura army. His influence further increased when Vijaya, wishing to ensure the ambitious officer's loyalty, married his own son to the latter's daughter, Ratnavati.[5]


Upon the ascension of his son-in-law, Ananta Manikya, to the throne in 1563, Gopi Prasad expanded his already extensive power,[6] keeping the new king completely under his control.[2] This arrangement proved to be short-lived, when, in 1567, Ananta died under uncertain circumstances. According to differing versions of the Rajmala, this was either the result of a fever or through strangulation on Gopi Prasad's orders.[7][8] Regardless, the latter subsequently claimed royal power and adopted the regnal name Udai Manikya, assuming the erstwhile ruling dynasty's cognomen.[3]


Udai proved to be a talented administrator and renamed the kingdom's capital, changing it from Rangamati to Udaipur after himself. He extensively worked to beautify the city with the construction of buildings, temples and reservoirs, among which were the Chandra Gopinath Temple and the Chandrasagar. He was less successful in warfare however, having become involved in a 5-year-long conflict with Sulaiman Khan Karrani, the Sultan of Bengal, resulting in the heavy loss of money, 40,000 troops and the area of Chittagong.[9][7]


Tradition states that Udai had 240 wives, several of whom, on charges of infidelity,[note 1] he had executed through being trampled by elephants or devoured by dogs. Udai himself was poisoned to death in 1572, after having ingested a pill of quicksilver supplied by a certain woman. He was succeeded by his son Joy Manikya I.[9]