Katana VentraIP

Yugoslavs

Yugoslavs or Yugoslavians (Serbo-Croatian: Jugoslaveni/Jugosloveni, Југославени/Југословени;[b] Slovene: Jugoslovani; Macedonian: Југословени, romanizedJugosloveni) is an identity that was originally designed to refer to a united South Slavic people. It has been used in two connotations: the first in a sense of common shared ethnic descent, i.e. panethnic or supraethnic connotation for ethnic South Slavs,[c] and the second as a term for all citizens of former Yugoslavia regardless of ethnicity.[d] Cultural and political advocates of Yugoslav identity have historically ascribed the identity to be applicable to all people of South Slav heritage, including those of modern Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia. Although Bulgarians are a South Slavic group, attempts at uniting Bulgaria into Yugoslavia were unsuccessful, and therefore Bulgarians were not included in the panethnic identification. Since the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the establishment of South Slavic nation states, the term ethnic Yugoslavs has been used to refer to those who exclusively view themselves as Yugoslavs with no other ethnic self-identification, many of these being of mixed ancestry.[11]

For other uses, see Yugoslavs (disambiguation).

Regions with significant populations

210,395 (2021)
(Yugoslav Americans)[1]

38,480 (2016)
(Yugoslav Canadians)[2]

27,143 (2022)
(Yugoslavs in Serbia)[3]

26,883 (2011)[4]

2,570 (2013)[5]

1,154 (2011)[6]

942 (2021)[7]

527 (2002)[8]

344 (2021)[9]

60 (2021)[10]

In the former Yugoslavia, the official designation for those who declared themselves simply as Yugoslav was with quotation marks, "Yugoslavs" (introduced in census 1971). The quotation marks were originally meant to distinguish Yugoslav ethnicity from Yugoslav citizenship, which was written without quotation marks. The majority of those who had once identified as ethnic "Yugoslavs" reverted to or adopted traditional ethnic and national identities, sometimes due to social pressure, intimidation, disadvantageous consequences, or prevention to continue identifying as Yugoslav by new political authorities.[12][13] Some also decided to turn to sub-national regional identifications, especially in multi-ethnic historical regions like Istria, Vojvodina, or Bosnia (hence Bosnians). The Yugoslav designation, however, continues to be used by many, especially in the United States, Canada, and Australia by the descendants of Yugoslav migrants who emigrated while the country still existed.

In the 1991 census, 5.54% (242,682) of the inhabitants of declared themselves to be Yugoslav.[24] The Constitution of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1990 ratified a Presidency of seven members. One of the seven was to be elected amongst/by the republic's Yugoslavs, thereby introducing the Yugoslavs next to ethnic Muslims, Serbs and Croats into the Constitutional framework of Bosnia and Herzegovina although on an inferior level. However, because of the Bosnian War that erupted in 1992, this Constitution was short-lived and unrealized.

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Approximately 5% of the population of also declared themselves Yugoslav in the same census.

Montenegro

The 1981 census showed that Yugoslavs made up around 8.2% of the population in , this being the highest ever percentage of Yugoslavs within a constituent republic's borders. The percentage was the highest in multiethnic regions and cities with large non-Croatian population and among those of mixed ancestry. The 1991 census data indicated that the number of Yugoslavs had dropped to 2% of the population in Croatia. The 2001 census in Croatia (the first since independence) registered 176 Yugoslavs, less than 0.01% of the population at the time.[25] The next census in 2011 registered 331 Yugoslavs in Croatia (likewise less than 0.01% of the population).[26]

Croatia

The autonomous region of , marked by its traditionally multiethnic make-up, recorded a similar percentage as Croatia at the 1981 census, with ~8% of its 2 million inhabitants declaring themselves Yugoslav.[22]

Vojvodina

The probably most frequently used symbol of the Yugoslavs to express their identity and to which they are most often associated with is the blue-white-red tricolor flag with a yellow-bordered red star in the flag's center,[57] which also served as the national flag of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia between 1945 and 1991.


Prior to World War II, the symbol of Yugoslavism was a plain tricolor flag of blue, white, and red, which was also the national flag of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the Yugoslav state in the interwar period.

Djokić, Dejan (2003). . C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-663-0.

Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918-1992

Jović, Dejan (2009). . Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-495-8.

Yugoslavia: A State that Withered Away

Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). . Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-34656-8.

The Three Yugoslavias: State-building and Legitimation, 1918-2005

Trbovich, Ana S. (2008). . Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-533343-5.

A Legal Geography of Yugoslavia's Disintegration

S. Mrdjen (2002). (PDF). Stanovnistvo.

"Narodnost u popisima. Promjenljiva i nestalna kategorija"

Yugoslav club in Serbia

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Yugoslav Alliance in Croatia