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History of ITV

The history of ITV, the United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies "Independent Television" commercial network, goes back to 1955.[1]

Independent Television began as a network of independently-owned regional companies that were both broadcasters and programme makers, beginning with four companies operating six stations in three large regions in 1955–1956, and gradually expanding to 17 stations in 14 regions by 1962. Each regional station was responsible for its own branding, scheduling and advertising, with many peak-time programmes shared simultaneously across the whole network.


By 29 February 2016, 12 regions in England and Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man shared national ITV branding and scheduling, and, together with a 13th region UTV in Northern Ireland, were owned by a single company, ITV plc. A further two regions in Scotland carry STV branding and are owned by the STV Group.

The weekend franchises in the and the Midlands were abolished.

North of England

The North of England region was split into two new smaller regions, the and Yorkshire. Seven-day contracts were specified in both these new regions, as well as in the Midlands.

North West

Separate weekday and weekend franchises continued in ; however, the handover time was moved from the beginning of Saturday to Friday at 7.00pm.

London

was re-awarded its contract for the dual Midlands region, but was considered by the IBA to have not focused on the region enough. As a result, changes were ordered including the diluting of existing shareholdings, greater production facilities in the contract area and the sale of ATV Elstree Studios; to emphasise these actions the company was told to rename itself. It settled on the name Central Independent Television.

ATV

lost its licence for the South and South East England, in favour of South and South-East Communications, but later renamed Television South (TVS).

Southern Television

lost its licence for South West England, being replaced by Television South West (TSW), which ended up taking over Westward Television on 11 August 1981, but continued to use the Westward Television name until 1 January 1982.

Westward Television

The new nationwide breakfast television service was awarded to .

TV-am

was ordered to sell the majority of its holdings in Yorkshire Television and Tyne Tees Television, and the two companies became independent of each other again.

Trident Television

The in Kent was transferred from Thames Television/LWT to TVS, to increase the size of TVS' South East sub-region.

Bluebell Hill transmitter

1991–2002[edit]

1991 ITV franchise auctions[edit]

Following the changes laid out in the Broadcasting Act 1990, a franchise round was announced by the ITC on 16 October 1991 for licences beginning 1 January 1993. A number of companies bid for the licences including:[11]

(Associated British Cinemas (Television)): North and Midlands weekend franchise (1956–1968)

ABC Weekend TV

: London weekday franchise (22 September 1955 – 29 July 1968)

Associated-Rediffusion

(Associated Television): Midlands weekday franchise and London weekend franchise (1956–1968); Midlands (7 day) (1968–1981)

ATV

: South and South East England franchise (1958–1981)

Southern Television

: London weekday franchise (30 July 1968 – 31 December 1992)

Thames Television

(Television South West): South West England franchise (1 January 1982 – 31 December 1992)

TSW

(Television South): South and South East England franchise (1 January 1982 – 31 December 1992)

TVS

(Television Wales and the West): Wales and West of England franchise (1958–1968). See also ITSWW (March–May 1968)

TWW

: South West England franchise (1961–1981)

Westward Television

(Wales West and North Television): West and North Wales franchise (1962–1964)

WWN

: National breakfast television franchise (1983–1992)

TV-am

: National teletext franchise (1977–1992)

ORACLE

"Welcome home to ITV" (1979 after industrial dispute)

"Get Ready for ITV" (1989)

"Television from the heart (of life)." (1998)

"'Britain's favourite button." (1990s)

[35]

"The brighter side." (2009–2013) (ITV1)

"The brighter side just got brighter!" (2009–2013) (ITV1 HD)

"More than TV." (2019–present) (ITV)

History of ITV television idents

Timeline of ITV

Timeline of ITV Digital Channels

ABC

List of ITV regions § History

(Transdiffusion)

ITV at Fifty

Independent TeleWeb

(ITC, 2002)

Key dates in the history of commercial TV