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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about 85,133,000 km2 (32,870,000 sq mi).[2] It covers approximately 17% of Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the Age of Discovery, it was known for separating the Old World of Africa, Europe, and Asia from the New World of the Americas.

Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Atlantic (disambiguation), North Atlantic (disambiguation), South Atlantic (disambiguation), and Atlantic Basin (disambiguation).

Atlantic Ocean

85,133,000 km2 (32,870,000 sq mi)[2]
North Atlantic: 41,490,000 km2 (16,020,000 sq mi),
South Atlantic 40,270,000 km2 (15,550,000 sq mi)[3]

3,646 m (11,962 ft)[3]

Puerto Rico Trench
8,376 m (27,480 ft)[4]

310,410,900 km3 (74,471,500 cu mi)[3]

111,866 km (69,510 mi) including marginal seas[1]

Through its separation of Europe, Africa, and Asia from the Americas, the Atlantic Ocean has played a central role in the development of human society, globalization, and the histories of many nations. While the Norse were the first known humans to cross the Atlantic, it was the expedition of Christopher Columbus in 1492 that proved to be the most consequential. Columbus' expedition ushered in an age of exploration and colonization of the Americas by European powers, most notably Portugal, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom. From the 16th to 19th centuries, the Atlantic Ocean was the center of both an eponymous slave trade and the Columbian exchange while occasionally hosting naval battles. Such naval battles, as well as growing trade from regional American powers like the United States and Brazil, both increased in degree during the early 20th century, and while no major military conflicts took place in the Atlantic in the present day, the ocean remains a core component of trade around the world.


The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected World Ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south. Other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica. The Atlantic Ocean is divided in two parts, the northern and southern Atlantic, by the Equator.[5]

Atlantic Revolutions

List of countries and territories bordering the Atlantic Ocean

List of rivers of the Americas by coastline § Atlantic Ocean coast

Seven Seas

Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic hurricanes

Piracy in the Atlantic World

Transatlantic crossing

South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone

Natural delimitation between the Pacific and South Atlantic oceans by the Scotia Arc

(1911). "Atlantic Ocean" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). pp. 855–857.

Dickson, Henry Newton

(2010). Atlantic: A Vast Ocean of a Million Stories. HarperCollins UK. ISBN 978-0-00-734137-5.

Winchester, Simon

. Cartage.org.lb (archived)

Atlantic Ocean

from 1639 via the Library of Congress

"Map of Atlantic Coast of North America from the Chesapeake Bay to Florida"