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COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia

The COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia is an ongoing mass immunization in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. On 13 January 2021, the program commenced when President Joko Widodo was vaccinated at the presidential palace.[1] In terms of total doses given, Indonesia ranks third in Asia and fifth in the world.[2]

Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Date

13 January 2021 (2021-01-13) – present

34 provinces in Indonesia

COVID-19 pandemic

234,666,020 people

Ministry of Health

  • First dose: 204,266,655 people
  • Second dose: 175,131,893 people
  • Third dose: 69,597,474 people
  • Fourth dose: 1,585,164 people
  • 75.6% of the Indonesian population has received at least one dose
  • 64.81% of the Indonesian population has received two doses
  • 25.76% of the Indonesian population has received three doses
  • 0.59% of the Indonesian population has received four doses

Kementerian Kesehatan

As of 5 February 2023 at 18:00 WIB (UTC+7), 204,266,655 people had received the first dose of the vaccine and 175,131,893 people had been fully vaccinated; 69,597,474 of them had been inoculated with the booster or the third dose, while 1,585,164 had received the fourth dose. Jakarta has the highest percentage of population fully vaccinated with 103.46%, followed by Bali and Special Region of Yogyakarta with 85.45% and 83.02% respectively.[3]

First stage focuses on health professionals which include people working in the health sector, such as doctors, surgeons, dentists, nurses, midwives, pharmacists, ambulance drivers, medical assistants, researchers, psychologists, or medical students.

Second stage focuses on elderlies (anyone ages 60 or above) and public officers which include those who work for the public and often in contact with people, such as civil servants, state enterprise employees, police, military, teachers, retail workers, journalists, religious leaders, tourism workers, transportation workers, or athletes.

Third stage focuses on general public which is susceptible to the economy, social, or geospatial aspect, such as those who live in dense, poor, and worst-affected areas or neighborhoods.

Fourth stage focuses on other general public depends on the availability of the vaccines.

COVID-19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, Mainland China in December 2019[4] and was confirmed to have spread to Indonesia on 2 March 2020.[5]


COVID-19 vaccination in Indonesia will cover more than 75% of overall Indonesian population or around 208 million people. The program is being carried out in four stages, starting from the most prioritized to the less prioritized.[6]

Challenges[edit]

Only 64.81% of the Indonesian population has been fully vaccinated.[2] This is caused by several problems and challenges. First, Indonesia lacks vaccines and human resources to support the program. The country also struggles to distribute the vaccines equally to all regions, especially to rural and remote areas. Some provinces have vaccinated its population multiple times more than other provinces. Hoaxes and fake news have also caused many Indonesians to question the efficiency of the vaccine, leading to them choosing not to be vaccinated.[187][188]

Effectiveness[edit]

On 23 April 2021, a public health office in Semarang reported that 411 of vaccinated individuals had contracted COVID-19. 267 of them were infected after the first dose, while 144 after the second dose.[189]


Based on observations on about 120,000 public health workers in Jakarta who were vaccinated from January to March, 28 days after the second dose, CoronaVac prevents 94% of COVID-19 symptoms, 96% in preventing hospitalization, and 98% in preventing deaths. But after the first dose, the effectiveness against the symptoms is only 13%.[190][191]


During an outbreak in Kudus, Central Java, from 6,000 health professionals who were inoculated with CoronaVac, as of 12 June 2021, 308 of them were infected with COVID-19, 277 practice self-isolation, and 193 recovered. The director of Dr. Loekmono Hadi Regional General Hospital, dr. Abdul Aziz Achyar, stated the vaccines were proven to be able to reduce sickness and death risk from COVID-19.[192]


On 18 June 2021, Reuters reported that more than 350 Indonesian doctors and medical workers had contracted SARS-CoV-2 despite being vaccinated with CoronaVac. Griffith University epidemiologist, Dicky Budiman, said that it was unclear how effective CoronaVac was against the Delta variant.[193]


Based on observations study on 86,936 Jakarta residents aged 60 and above from March to April, CoronaVac is 85% effective against symptomatic illness and 92% against hospitalization. If only the first dose is given, the effectiveness against symptomatic illness is reduced to 35%.[194]

Controversies[edit]

As one of the first public figures who received a COVID-19 vaccine inoculation, Raffi Ahmad was criticized for breaking health protocols during a party the night after he was vaccinated.[195]

Situasi Vaksinasi COVID-19 – Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia