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Cinema of South Africa

The cinema of South Africa refers to the films and film industry of South Africa. Films have been made in English and Afrikaans (List of Afrikaans-language films). Many foreign films have been produced about South Africa, including many involving race relations.

Cinema of South Africa

857 (2010)[1]

1.9 per 100,000 (2010)[1]

Ster-Kinekor 38.8%
Nu-Metro 35.7%
Uip 21.7%[2]

28

22,400,000

R1.14 billion

R69 million (6%)

The first South African film to achieve international acclaim and recognition was the 1980 comedy The Gods Must Be Crazy, written, produced and directed by Jamie Uys. Set in the Kalahari, it told the story about how life in the community of Bushmen is changed when a Coke bottle, thrown out of an airplane, suddenly lands from the sky. Despite the fact that the film presented an incorrect perspective of the Khoisan san people, by framing them as a primitive society enlightened by the modernity of a falling Coke bottle. The late Jamie Uys, who wrote and directed The Gods Must Be Crazy, also had success overseas in the 1970s with his films Funny People and Funny People II, similar to the TV series Candid Camera in the United States. Leon Schuster's You Must Be Joking! films are in the same genre, and were popular among the white population of South Africa during apartheid.


Another high-profile film portraying South Africa was District 9 in 2009. Directed by Neill Blomkamp, a native South African, and produced by The Lord of the Rings trilogy director Peter Jackson, the action/science-fiction film depicts a sub-class of alien refugees forced to live in the slums of Johannesburg in what many saw as a creative allegory for apartheid. The film was a critical and commercial success worldwide, and was nominated for four Academy Awards, including Best Picture, at the 82nd Academy Awards.

Sound Era[edit]

Sarie Marais, directed by Joseph Albrecht, the first South African sound film and Afrikaans-language sound film, was released in 1931.[7] Subsequent sound releases such as Die Wildsboudjie (1948), a 1949 Sarie Marais remake, and Daar doer in die bosveld (1950) continued to cater primarily to white, Afrikaans-speaking audiences.


African Film Productions produced four musical films from 1949-1951: African Jim, The Magic Garden, Song of Africa and Zonk!


The 1950s saw an increased use of South African locations and talent by international filmmakers. British co-productions like Coast of Skeletons (1956) and American co-productions like The Cape Town Affair (1967) reflected a growing trend of shooting in real locations, rather than using backlots.

International Productions[edit]

From 2009, there was an increased use of South African locations and talent by international film studios. US productions like District 9 (2009), Chronicle (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), The Dark Tower (2017), Tomb Raider (2018), The Kissing Booth (2018), Maze Runner: The Death Cure (2018), Escape Room (2019) and Bloodshot (2020) reflect a growing trend by large international houses to use Cape Town, Johannesburg and other South African locations for their film productions.[8][9]

Historiography[edit]

Jacqueline Maingard at the University of Bristol has written about the history of film in South Africa.

: Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures, VideoVision Entertainment

United International Pictures

Listed alongside each distributor are the studios they represent:

(1894–1977): A South African director, writer, producer and actor, he is often referred to as "the father of South African film."[7] He directed and co-directed several feature films and shorts such as The Piccanin's Christmas (1917), Isban; or, The Mystery of the Great Zimbabwe (1920) and South Africa's first sound film Sarie Marais (1931).[7]

Joseph Albrecht

(1921-1996): An award winning South Africa director, producer, writer and actor who films include Beautiful People (1999) and the 1981 Grand Prix winner from Festival International du Film de Comedy VeveyThe Gods Must be Crazy (1980).[10]

Jamie Uys

(born 1967): Swazi born film director who's best known for his filmsThe Foreigner (1994) addressing South African xenophobia[11] and The Life and Times of Sarah Baartman (1998) portraying the life of a Koi woman kidnapped and displayed in 19th century Europe as "the Hottentot Venus".[12] In 2004, Maseko produced his first feature entitled Drum, telling the story of an anti-apartheid journalist in 1950's Johannesburg. This film was the first South Africa film to receive the Golden Stallion of Yennenga at FESPACO in 2005.[13]

Zola Maseko

(born 1963): a director and filmmaker most famous for his Oscar award winning film Tsotsi (2005) based on the novel of the same name by Athol Fugard. He has achieved international credits and recognition, directing films such as the Polish film In Desert and Wilderness and Marvel's X-Men Origins: Wolverine.[14]

Gavin Hood

Here are several notable South African filmmaker's that have added to South Africa's cinema history:

List of South African films

Media of South Africa

Cinema of the world

World cinema

African cinema

South African Film and Television Awards

Botha, Martin (2012). South African Cinema 1896-2010. Bristol: Intellect.  9781841504582. OCLC 755881432.

ISBN

Botha, Martin. Marginal Lives and Painful Pasts: South African Cinema After Apartheid. Parklands: Genutig!, 2007

Botha, Martin and Van Aswegen, Adri. Images of South Africa: The Rise of the Alternative Film. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council, 1992.

Blignaut, Johan, and Botha, Martin. Movies, Moguls, Mavericks : South African Cinema, 1979-1991 . Cape Town: Showdata, 1992

Davis, Peter. In Darkest Hollywood: Exploring the Jungles of Cinema's South Africa. Randburg, South Africa: Raven Press; Athens: Ohio University Press. 1996.

Gutsche, Thelma. The History and Social Significance of Motion Pictures in South Africa: 1895 - 1940. Cape Town: H.Timmins, 1972.

Le Roux, Andre and Fourie, Lilla. Filmverlede: Geskiedenis van die Suid-Afrikaanse speelfilm. Pretoria: Universiteit van Suid-Afrika, 1981

McCluskey, Audrey T. The devil you dance with: film culture in the new South Africa. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2009.

Maingard, Jacqueline. South African National Cinema . London ;: Routledge, 2007.

Tomaselli, Keyan G. Encountering Modernity : Twentieth Century South African Cinemas . Amsterdam: Rozenberg, 2006

Balseiro, Isabel., and Ntongela. Masilela. To Change Reels : Film and Culture in South Africa . Detroit, Mich: Wayne State University Press, 2003

Modisane, Litheko. South Africa’s Renegade Reels : the Making and Public Lives of Black-Centered Films . 1st ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013

Saks, Lucia. Cinema in a Democratic South Africa: The Race for Representation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2010.

Tomaselli, Keyan G. The Cinema of Apartheid : Race and Class in South African Film . London: Routledge, 1989.

Treffey-Goatley, Astrid. South African Cinema After Apartheid: A political-economic exploration. Communicatio: South African Journal for Communication Theory and Research, 36 (1). 37-57. 2010.