David E. Lilienthal
David Eli Lilienthal (July 8, 1899 – January 15, 1981) was an American attorney and public administrator, best known for his Presidential Appointment to head Tennessee Valley Authority[1] and later the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). He had practiced public utility law and led the Wisconsin Public Utilities Commission.[2]
David E. Lilienthal
Later he was co-author with Dean Acheson (later Secretary of State) of the 1946 Report on the International Control of Atomic Energy, which outlined possible methods for international control of nuclear weapons. As chair of the AEC, he was one of the pioneers in civilian management of nuclear power resources.[3]
Early life[edit]
Born in Morton, Illinois in 1899, David Lilienthal was the oldest son of Jewish immigrants from Austria-Hungary. His mother Minna Rosenak (1874–1956) came from Szomolány (now Smolenice) in Slovakia, emigrating to America at age 17. His father Leo Lilienthal (1868–1951) was from Hungary, serving several years in the Hungarian army before emigrating to the United States in 1893. Minna and Leo were married in Chicago in 1897, then moved to the town of Morton, where Leo briefly operated a dry goods store.[4]
Leo's business ventures took the family several places. Young David was raised principally in the Indiana towns of Valparaiso and Michigan City.[5] Although he spent part of his sophomore year in Gary, he graduated in 1916 from Elston High School in Michigan City.[6][7]
Education and marriage[edit]
Lilienthal attended DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1920.[8] There he joined Delta Upsilon social fraternity and was elected president of the student body.[9] He was active in forensics and won a state oratorical contest in 1918.[10] He also gained distinction as a light heavyweight boxer.[11]
After a summer job in 1920 as a reporter for the Mattoon, Illinois, Daily Journal-Gazette, Lilienthal entered Harvard Law School.[12] Although his grades were average until his third and final year at Harvard, he acquired an important mentor in Professor Felix Frankfurter, later an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court.[13]
While at DePauw, Lilienthal met his future wife, Helen Marian Lamb (1896–1999), a fellow student. Born in Oklahoma, she had moved with her family to Crawfordsville, Indiana, in 1913.[14] They were married in Crawfordsville in 1923,[15] after Helen had completed her M.A. at Radcliffe while David was a law student at Harvard.[16]
Last years[edit]
His company D&R struggled financially during Lilienthal's final years. A promised infusion of capital from the Rockefeller family was not fully realized. The company was dissolved in the late 1970s.[43]
Lilienthal resided in Princeton, New Jersey during his final years.[43] In 1980, Lilienthal had two separate serious health problems. He had a bilateral hip replacement and cataract surgery in one eye.[54] He needed crutches and a cane at various points. The recovery period from the eye surgery forced him to neither read nor write aside from his final journal entry on January 2, 1981.
He died on January 16, 1981.[43] News of his death, and his obituary, appeared on the front page of The New York Times.[43]
Awards and honors[edit]
In 1951 Lilienthal was awarded the Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences, of which he was also an elected member.[55][56] He was also a member of both the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Philosophical Society.[57][58]
During his lifetime Lilienthal received honorary degrees from Boston University, DePauw University, Lehigh University, and Michigan State College.[43]