Ecophysiology

Ecophysiology (from Greek οἶκος, oikos, "house(hold)"; φύσις, physis, "nature, origin"; and -λογία, -logia), environmental physiology or physiological ecology is a biological discipline that studies the response of an organism's physiology to environmental conditions. It is closely related to comparative physiology and evolutionary physiology. Ernst Haeckel's coinage bionomy is sometimes employed as a synonym.^[1]

It affects the exchanges of mass (water evaporation, CO₂) and of energy (heat) between the plant and the atmosphere by renewing the air at the contact with the leaves ().

convection

It is sensed as a signal driving a wind-acclimation syndrome by the plant known as , leading to modified growth and development and eventually to wind hardening.

thigmomorphogenesis

Its can damage the plant (leaf abrasion, wind ruptures in branches and stems and windthrows and toppling in trees and lodging in crops).^[15]

drag force

Animals[edit]

Humans[edit]

The environment can have major influences on human physiology. Environmental effects on human physiology are numerous; one of the most carefully studied effects is the alterations in thermoregulation in the body due to outside stresses. This is necessary because in order for enzymes to function, blood to flow, and for various body organs to operate, temperature must remain at consistent, balanced levels.