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Funk

Funk is a music genre that originated in African-American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African-Americans in the mid-20th century. It deemphasizes melody and chord progressions and focuses on a strong rhythmic groove of a bassline played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a percussionist, often at slower tempos than other popular music. Funk typically consists of a complex percussive groove with rhythm instruments playing interlocking grooves that create a "hypnotic" and "danceable" feel.[3] It uses the same richly colored extended chords found in bebop jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths, and dominant seventh chords with altered ninths and thirteenths.

"Funky" redirects here. For other uses, see Funk (disambiguation). Not to be confused with phonk.

Funk originated in the mid-1960s, with James Brown's development of a signature groove that emphasized the downbeat—with a heavy emphasis on the first beat of every measure ("The One"), and the application of swung 16th notes and syncopation on all basslines, drum patterns, and guitar riffs.[4] Rock- and psychedelia-influenced musicians Sly and the Family Stone and Parliament-Funkadelic fostered more eclectic examples of the genre beginning in the late 1960s.[5] Other musical groups developed Brown's innovations during the 1970s and the 1980s, including Kool and the Gang,[6] Ohio Players, Fatback Band, Jimmy Castor Bunch, Earth, Wind & Fire, B.T. Express, Shalamar,[7] One Way, Lakeside, Dazz Band, The Gap Band, Slave, Aurra, Roger Troutman & Zapp, Con Funk Shun, Cameo, Bar-Kays and Chic.


Funk derivatives include avant-funk, an avant-garde strain of funk; boogie, a hybrid of electronic music and funk; funk metal; G-funk, a mix of gangsta rap and psychedelic funk; Timba, a form of funky Cuban dance music; and funk jam. It is also the main influence of Washington go-go, a funk subgenre.[8] Funk samples and breakbeats have been used extensively in hip hop and electronic dance music.

"" (James Brown & the Famous Flames), 1967

Cold Sweat

"Superstition" (Stevie Wonder), 1972

"Funky Stuff" (Kool & The Gang), 1973

"What Is Hip?" (Tower of Power), 1973

"" (Average White Band)

Pick Up the Pieces

"" (Parliament), 1974

Up For The Down Stroke

"Hair" (Graham Central Station), 1974

"" (The Bar-Kays), 1976

Too Hot to Stop

"" (Earth, Wind & Fire), 1976

Getaway

Chanking

Danielsen, Anne (2006). Presence and pleasure: The funk grooves of James Brown and Parliament. Wesleyan University Press.

Vincent, Rickey (1996). . St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-13499-1.

Funk: The Music, The People, and The Rhythm of The One

Thompson, Dave (2001). . Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-629-7.

Funk

Wermelinger, Peter (2005). Funky & Groovy Music Records Lexicon. -.  3-9522773-1-2.

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