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Geophysical fluid dynamics

Geophysical fluid dynamics, in its broadest meaning, refers to the fluid dynamics of naturally occurring flows, such as lava flows, oceans, and planetary atmospheres, on Earth and other planets.[1]

Two physical features that are common to many of the phenomena studied in geophysical fluid dynamics are rotation of the fluid due to the planetary rotation and stratification (layering). The applications of geophysical fluid dynamics do not generally include the circulation of the mantle, which is the subject of geodynamics, or fluid phenomena in the magnetosphere.

Coriolis effect

Circulation

Kelvin's circulation theorem

Vorticity equation

Thermal wind

Geostrophic current

Geostrophic wind

Taylor–Proudman theorem

Hydrostatic equilibrium

Ekman spiral

Ekman layer

Atmospheric circulation

Ocean current

Ocean dynamics

Thermohaline circulation

Boundary current

Sverdrup balance

Subsurface currents

Kelvin wave

Rossby wave

(Poincaré wave)

Sverdrup wave

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory

(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Program

(University of Washington)

Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory