Haplogroup A-L1085
Haplogroup A-L1085, also known as haplogroup A0-T is a human Y-DNA haplogroup. It is part of the paternal lineage of almost all humans alive today. The SNP L1085 has played two roles in population genetics: firstly, most Y-DNA haplogroups have diverged from it and; secondly, it defines the undiverged basal clade A-L1085*.
Haplogroup A-L1085
Namibia (Tsumkwe San, Nama) 60-70%
Southern Sudan (Dinka, Shilluk, Nuer) 33%-61.5%
Ethiopia (Beta Israel ) 41%-46%
Geographical distribution[edit]
Central Africa[edit]
Haplogroup A-M13 has been observed in populations of northern Cameroon (2/9 = 22% Tupuri,[5] 4/28 = 14% Mandara,[5] 2/17 = 12% Fulbe[6]) and eastern DRC (2/9 = 22% Alur,[5] 1/18 = 6% Hema,[5] 1/47 = 2% Mbuti[5]).
Haplogroup A-M91(xA-M31,A-M6,A-M32) has been observed in the Bakola people of southern Cameroon (3/33 = 9%).[5]
Without testing for any subclade, haplogroup A-L1085 has been observed in samples of several populations of Gabon, including 9% (3/33) of a sample of Baka, 3% (1/36) of a sample of Ndumu, 2% (1/46) of a sample of Duma, 2% (1/57) of a sample of Nzebi, and 2% (1/60) of a sample of Tsogo.[7]
East Africa[edit]
Haplogroup A-M13 is common among the Southern Sudanese (53%),[8] especially the Dinka (61.5%).[9] Haplogroup A-M13 also has been observed in another sample of a South Sudanese population at a frequency of 45% (18/40), including 1/40 A-M171.[10] Haplogroup A also has been reported in 14.6% (7/48) of an Amhara sample,[11] 10.3% (8/78) of an Oromo sample,[11] 13.6% (12/88) of another sample from Ethiopia,[10] and 41% of a sample of the Beta Israel (Cruciani et al. 2002), and important percentages are also shared by Bantus in Kenya (14%, Luis et al. 2004) and Iraqw in Tanzania (3/43 = 7.0% (Luis et al. 2004) to 1/6 = 17% (Knight et al. 2003)).
North Africa[edit]
The subclade A1 has been observed in Libyan Berbers, while the subclade A-M13 has been observed in approximately 3% of Egyptian males.
Southern Africa[edit]
One study has found haplogroup A in samples of various Khoisan-speaking groups with frequency ranging from 10% to 70%.[5] This particular haplogroup was not found in a sample of the Hadzabe from Tanzania, a population occasionally grouped with other Khoisan groups due to the presence of click consonants in their language, but whose language was thoroughly demonstrated to be an isolate as unrelated to them as other languages by work by linguist Bonny Sands.
Europe[edit]
Haplogroup A has been observed as A1 in European men in England. A Y chromosome has been observed also with low frequency in Asia Minor, in the Middle East and in some Mediterranean islands, among Aegean Greeks, Sicilians (0.2% of A1a in Capo d’Orlando and 0.5% of A1b in all the island), Palestinians, Jordanians and Yemenites. Without testing for any subclade, haplogroup A1b has been observed in a sample of Greeks from Mitilini on the Aegean island of Lesvos[12] and A1b has been observed also on 0.1% of Iberian Jewish. The authors of one study have reported finding what appears to be haplogroup A in 3.1% (2/65) of a sample of Cypriots,[13] though they have not definitively excluded the possibility that either of these individuals may belong to haplogroup B.