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Henri Bergson

Henri-Louis Bergson (French: [bɛʁksɔn]; 18 October 1859 – 4 January 1941) was a French philosopher,[8][9][10][11][12] who was influential in the traditions of analytic philosophy and continental philosophy, especially during the first half of the 20th century until the Second World War,[13] but also after 1966 when Gilles Deleuze published Le Bergsonisme. Bergson is known for his arguments that processes of immediate experience and intuition are more significant than abstract rationalism and science for understanding reality.

"Bergson" redirects here. For the surname, see Bergson (surname).

Henri Bergson

Henri-Louis Bergson

(1859-10-18)18 October 1859
Paris, Second French Empire

4 January 1941(1941-01-04) (aged 81)

Paris, German-occupied France

Louise Neuberger
​
(m. 1891)​

Nobel Prize in Literature (1927)

20th-century philosophy

Western philosophy

Collège de France

Bergson was awarded the 1927 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his rich and vitalizing ideas and the brilliant skill with which they have been presented".[14] In 1930, France awarded him its highest honour, the Grand-Croix de la Legion d'honneur. Bergson's great popularity created a controversy in France, where his views were seen as opposing the secular and scientific attitude adopted by the Republic's officials.[15]

Biography[edit]

Overview[edit]

Bergson lived the quiet life of a French professor, marked by the publication of his four principal works:

Bergson, H.; The Philosophy of Poetry: The Genius of Lucretius (La Philosophie de la Poesie: le Génie de Lucrèce, 1884), Philosophical Library 1959:  978-1-4976-7566-7

ISBN

Bergson, H.; (Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience, 1889). Allen & Unwin 1910, Dover Publications 2001: ISBN 0-486-41767-0 – Bergson's doctoral dissertation.

Time and Free Will: An Essay on the Immediate Data of Consciousness

Bergson, H.; (Matière et mémoire, 1896). Swan Sonnenschein 1911, Zone Books 1990: ISBN 0-942299-05-1, Dover Publications 2004: ISBN 0-486-43415-X.

Matter and Memory

Bergson, H.; (Le rire, 1900). Green Integer 1998: ISBN 1-892295-02-4, Dover Publications 2005: ISBN 0-486-44380-9.

Laughter: An Essay on the Meaning of the Comic

Bergson, H.; (L'Évolution créatrice, 1907). Henry Holt and Company 1911, University Press of America 1983: ISBN 0-8191-3553-4, Dover Publications 1998: ISBN 0-486-40036-0, Kessinger Publishing 2003: ISBN 0-7661-4732-0, Cosimo 2005: ISBN 1-59605-309-7.

Creative Evolution

Bergson, H.; Mind-energy (L'Énergie spirituelle, 1919). McMillan 1920. – a collection of essays and lectures. On .

Archive.org

Bergson, H.; Duration and Simultaneity: Bergson and the Einsteinian Universe (Durée et simultanéité, 1922). Clinamen Press Ltd 1999.  1-903083-01-X.

ISBN

Bergson, H.; The Two Sources of Morality and Religion (Les Deux Sources de la Morale et de la Religion, 1932). University of Notre Dame Press 1977.  0-268-01835-9. On Archive.org.

ISBN

Bergson, H.; The Creative Mind: An Introduction to Metaphysics (La Pensée et le mouvant, 1934). Citadel Press 1946:  0-8065-2326-3 – essay collection, sequel to Mind-Energy, including 1903's "An Introduction to Metaphysics."

ISBN

Philosophy of biology

Intuition (Bergson)

Duration (philosophy)

List of Jewish Nobel laureates

. Philosophy and the Adventure of the Virtual: Bergson and the Time of Life. London: Routledge, 2002.

Ansell-Pearson, Keith

Bergson. Thinking Beyond the Human Condition. London: Bloomsbury, 2018.

Ansell-Pearson, Keith.

. The Dialectic of Duration. Trans. Mary Mcallester Jones. Manchester: Clinamen Press, 2000.

Bachelard, Gaston

. Après Bergson. Portrait de groupe avec philosophe. Paris, PUF, 2015.

Bianco, Giuseppe

. The Physicist and the Philosopher: Einstein, Bergson and the Debate That Changed Our Understanding of Time. Princeton, Princeton Press, 2015.

Canales, Jimena

. Bergsonism. Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam. New York: Zone Books, 1988.

Deleuze, Gilles

. Cinema 1: The Movement-Image. Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986.

Deleuze, Gilles

. Cinema 2: The Time-Image. Trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Robert Galeta. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989.

Deleuze, Gilles

Fradet, Pierre-Alexandre, Derrida-Bergson. Sur l'immédiateté, , Paris, coll. "Hermann Philosophie", 2014. ISBN 978-2-7056-8831-8

Hermann

. The Nick of Time: Politics, Evolution, and the Untimely. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004.

Grosz, Elizabeth

Guerlac, Suzanne. . Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006.

Thinking in Time: An Introduction to Henri Bergson

. "On Bergson's Metaphysics of Time." Trans. Peter Thomas, revised by Stewart Martin. Radical Philosophy 131 (2005) 9–19.

Horkheimer, Max

. "Bergson and his Critique of Intellectualism." In A Pluralistic Universe. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 1996. 223–74.

James, William

. The Challenge of Bergsonism: Phenomenology, Ontology, Ethics. London: Continuum Press, 2003.

Lawlor, Leonard

Lovasz, Adam. . Lanham: Lexington Books, 2021.

Updating Bergson. A Philosophy of the Enduring Present

. "Bergson." In In Praise of Philosophy and Other Essays. Trans. John O'Neill. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1963. 9–32.

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice

. "Bergson in the Making." In Signs. Trans. Richard McCleary. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1964. 182–91.

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice

. Bergson and Philosophy. Edinburgh University Press, 1999.

Mullarkey, John

Mullarkey, John, ed. . Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, 1999.

The New Bergson

"The Philosophy of Bergson". The Monist 22 (1912): 321–47.

Russell, Bertrand

. Bergson, New York: Routledge, 2020.

Sinclair, Mark

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry

. A brief summary.

Henri Bergson's theory of laughter

« 'A History of Problems' : Bergson and the French Epistemological Tradition », by Elie During

Gontarski, Stanley E.: , in: 1914-1918-online. International Encyclopedia of the First World War.

Bergson, Henri

translation

M. C. Sanchez Rey « The Bergsonian Philosophy of the Intelligence »

in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

Newspaper clippings about Henri Bergson

Nobel Luminaries - Jewish Nobel Prize Winners, on the Beit Hatfutsot-The Museum of the Jewish People Website.

Henri Bergson

on Nobelprize.org

Henri Bergson

List of Works