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Honour

Honour (Commonwealth English) or honor (American English; see spelling differences) is a quality of a person that is of both social teaching and personal ethos, that manifests itself as a code of conduct, and has various elements such as valour, chivalry, honesty, and compassion. It is an abstract concept entailing a perceived quality of worthiness and respectability that affects both the social standing and the self-evaluation of an individual or of institutions such as a family, school, regiment, or nation. Accordingly, individuals (or institutions) are assigned worth and stature based on the harmony of their actions with a specific code of honour, and with the moral code of the society at large.

For other uses, see Honour (disambiguation).

Samuel Johnson, in his A Dictionary of the English Language (1755), defined honour as having several senses, the first of which was "nobility of soul, magnanimity, and a scorn of meanness". This sort of honour derives from the perceived virtuous conduct and personal integrity of the person endowed with it. Johnson also defined honour in relationship to "reputation" and "fame"; to "privileges of rank or birth", and as "respect" of the kind which "places an individual socially and determines his right to precedence". This sort of honour is often not so much a function of moral or ethical excellence, as it is a consequence of power. Finally, with respect to sexuality, honour has traditionally been associated with (or identical to) "chastity" or "virginity", or in case of married men and women, "fidelity". Some have argued that honour should be seen more as a rhetoric, or set of possible actions, than as a code.

 – Moral code of the samurai

Bushido

 – Traditional ideology and code of conduct of knights

Chivalry

 – Set of rules for a one-on-one combat

Code duello

 – cultural attribute of the southern United States

Culture of honor (Southern United States)

 – Ancient Roman virtue

Dignitas (Roman concept)

 – Greek word meaning 'character'

Ethos

 – Long-running argument or fight

Feud

 – Academic qualification awarded without the usual requirements

Honorary degree

 – Class of murder

Honor killing

 – Process of governing without enforcement

Honour system

 – the concept of honour

Izzat (Honor)

 – Ritualized system of exchange in the Mount Hagen area, Papua New Guinea

Moka exchange

 – Southern Italian code of honor and silence

Omertà

 – Visible honour awarded to an individual recipient

Order (distinction)

 – Traditional way of life of the Pashtun people

Pashtunwali

 – Gift-giving festival and economic system

Potlatch

 – 1974 novel by Heinrich Böll

The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum

 – Chinese stock character analogous to a knight-errant

Youxia

Bowman, James. Honor: A History. Encounter Books, 2006.  1-59403-142-8. Cf. excerpts from writings of James Bowman on Honor.

ISBN

Cossen, William S. "Blood, honor, reform, and God: anti-dueling associations and moral reform in the Old South." American Nineteenth Century History 19.1 (2018): 23–45.

d'Iribarne, Philippe. The Logic of Honor: National Traditions and Corporate Management. Welcome Rain Publishers, 2003.  978-1-56649-182-2.

ISBN

. Moral Minds: How nature designed our universal sense of right and wrong. New York: Ecco Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0-06-078070-8.

Hauser, Marc

Hein, David. "America's Honor: Lost and Regained." Modern Age 63, no. 4 (Fall 2021): 17–25.

Hein, David. "Rethinking Honor". Journal of Thought 17.1 (Spring 1982): 3–6.

Hein, David. "". Washington Times, 3 July 2008.

Learning Responsibility and Honor

Hein, David. "." The Living Church, 18 August 2013, pp. 8–10.

Christianity and Honor

. The Spirit of the Laws. 2 vols.Online

Montesquieu

and Dov Cohen. Culture of Honor: The Psychology of Violence in the South. Westview, 1996. ISBN 0-8133-1993-5.

Nisbett, Richard E.

. The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature. New York: Penguin Putnam, 2002. ISBN 0-670-03151-8.

Pinker, Steven

Wyatt-Brown, Bertram. Southern Honor: Ethics and Behavior in the Old South (1982), Antebellum United States

For a closer understanding of the way in which ideas of honour (and related ) are linked to social structures such as law and religion, a reading of the works of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu is worthwhile, particularly with reference to his discussions of the idea of "habitus".

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