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Human behavior

Human behavior is the potential and expressed capacity (mentally, physically, and socially) of human individuals or groups to respond to internal and external stimuli throughout their life. Behavior is driven by genetic and environmental factors that affect an individual. Behavior is also driven, in part, by thoughts and feelings, which provide insight into individual psyche, revealing such things as attitudes and values. Human behavior is shaped by psychological traits, as personality types vary from person to person, producing different actions and behavior.

For the song, see Human Behaviour.

Social behavior accounts for actions directed at others. It is concerned with the considerable influence of social interaction and culture, as well as ethics, interpersonal relationships, politics, and conflict. Some behaviors are common while others are unusual. The acceptability of behavior depends upon social norms and is regulated by various means of social control. Social norms also condition behavior, whereby humans are pressured into following certain rules and displaying certain behaviors that are deemed acceptable or unacceptable depending on the given society or culture.


Cognitive behavior accounts for actions of obtaining and using knowledge. It is concerned with how information is learned and passed on, as well as creative application of knowledge and personal beliefs such as religion. Physiological behavior accounts for actions to maintain the body. It is concerned with basic bodily functions as well as measures taken to maintain health. Economic behavior accounts for actions regarding the development, organization, and use of materials as well as other forms of work. Ecological behavior accounts for actions involving the ecosystem. It is concerned with how humans interact with other organisms and how the environment shapes human behavior.

Behavioral modernity

Behaviorism

Cultural ecology

Human behavioral ecology

Bremner, Gavin; Wachs, Theodore D., eds. (2010). The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Infant Development. Vol. 1: Basic Research (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell.  978-1444332735.

ISBN

Charlesworth, Leanne Wood (2019). "Early Childhood". In Hutchison, Elizabeth D. (ed.). Dimensions of Human Behavior: The Changing Life Course (6th ed.). SAGE Publications. pp. 327–395.  978-1544339344. LCCN 2018021374.

ISBN

(2007). Human Relationships (4th ed.). SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-1412929998.

Duck, Steve

(2003). Emotion: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0192804617.

Evans, Dylan

Goode, Erich (2015). "The Sociology of Deviance: An Introduction". In Goode, Erich (ed.). . Wiley. pp. 3–29. doi:10.1002/9781118701386. ISBN 978-1118701324.

The Handbook of Deviance

Longino, Helen E. (2013). . University of Chicago Press. doi:10.7208/9780226921822 (inactive 31 January 2024). ISBN 978-0226921822.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link)

Studying Human Behavior: How Scientists Investigate Aggression and Sexuality

Neff, Walter S. (1985). Work and Human Behavior (3rd ed.). Aldine Publishing Company.  0202303195.

ISBN

Van Schaik, Carel P. (2016). The primate origins of human nature. Foundations of human biology. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell.  978-1-119-11820-6.

ISBN

Woody, Debra J.; Woody, David (2019). "Early Childhood". In Hutchison, Elizabeth D. (ed.). Dimensions of Human Behavior: The Changing Life Course (6th ed.). SAGE Publications. pp. 251–326.  978-1544339344. LCCN 2018021374.

ISBN

(2017). Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst. Penguin Press. ISBN 978-1594205071.

Sapolsky, Robert M.

Media related to Human behavior at Wikimedia Commons