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Jagadish Chandra Bose

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose[1] CSI CIE FRS[2][3][4] (/bs/;[5] IPA: [dʒɔɡodiʃ tʃɔndro boʃu]; 30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937)[6] was a polymath with interests in biology, physics, botany and writing science fiction.[7] He was a pioneer in the investigation of radio microwave optics, made significant contributions to botany, and was a major force behind the expansion of experimental science on the Indian subcontinent.[8] Bose is considered the father of Bengali science fiction. A crater on the Moon was named in his honour.[9] He founded the Bose Institute, a premier research institute in India and also one of its oldest. Established in 1917, the institute was the first interdisciplinary research centre in Asia.[10] He served as the Director of Bose Institute from its inception until his death.

Born in Mymensingh, Bengal Presidency (present-day Bangladesh), during British governance of India,[6] Bose graduated from St. Xavier's College, Calcutta (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India). Prior to his enrollment at St. Xavier's College, Calcutta, Bose attended Dhaka Collegiate School, where he began his educational journey. He attended the University of London to study medicine, but had to give it up due to health problems. Instead, he conducted research with Nobel Laureate, Lord Rayleigh at the University of Cambridge. Bose returned to India to join the Presidency College of the University of Calcutta as a professor of physics. There, despite racial discrimination and a lack of funding and equipment, Bose carried on his scientific research. He made progress in his research into radio waves in the microwave spectrum and was the first to use semiconductor junctions to detect radio waves.


Bose made pioneering discoveries in plant physiology. He used his own invention, the crescograph, to measure plant response to various stimuli and proved parallelism between animal and plant tissues. Bose filed for a patent for one of his inventions because of peer pressure, but he was generally critical of the patent system. To facilitate his research, he constructed automatic recorders capable of registering extremely slight movements; these instruments produced some striking results, such as quivering of injured plants, which Bose interpreted as a power of feeling in plants. His books include Response in the Living and Non-Living (1902) and The Nervous Mechanism of Plants (1926). He spent the last years of his life in Giridih. Here he lived in the house located near Jhanda Maidan. This building was named Jagdish Chandra Bose Smriti Vigyan Bhavan. It was inaugurated on 28 February 1997 by then Governor of Bihar AR Kidwai. In a 2004 BBC poll to name the Greatest Bengali of all time, Bose placed seventh.[11]

Science fiction[edit]

In 1896, Bose wrote Niruddesher Kahini (The Story of the Missing One), a short story that was later expanded and added to Abyakta (অব্যক্ত) collection in 1921 with the new title Palatak Tuphan (Runaway Sea-Storm). It was one of the first works of Bengali science fiction.[40][41]

Personal views[edit]

Philosophical views[edit]

Jatras, which were popular ancient plays, sparked his interest in the stories of the Mahabharata and Ramayana. In the latter, he was particularly impressed by the character of Rama and even more so by the soldierly devotion of his brother Lakshmana.[44] However, he found that most of the characters in these stories seemed too good and perfect. It was the elderly warriors of the Mahabharata, with their flaws and qualities that were both human and superhuman, who appealed more to his imagination as a boy.


Impressed by Karna, Bose said:

(CIE) – 1903 – in the 1903 Durbar Honours.[57][58]

Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire

(CSI) – 1912

Companion of the Order of the Star of India

(1917)

Knight Bachelor

(FRS, 1920)[4]

Fellow of the Royal Society

Member of the , 1928

Vienna Academy of Sciences

President of the 14th session of the in 1927.[59]

Indian Science Congress

Member of in 1929.

Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters

Member of the League of Nations' (from 1924 to 1931)[60]

Committee for Intellectual Cooperation

Founding fellow of the National Institute of Sciences of India (now the Indian National Science Academy)

Nature published about 27 papers.

Bose, Jagadis Chunder (September 1902). . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 70 (459–466): 273–294. Bibcode:1902RSPS...70..273C. doi:10.1098/rspl.1902.0029. ISSN 0370-1662. S2CID 97371107.

"On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte"

Bose, J.C. (August 1902). . Journal de Physique Théorique et Appliquée. 1: 481–491. doi:10.1051/jphystap:019020010048100.

"Sur la réponse électrique de la matière vivante et animée soumise à une excitation. - Deux procédés d'observation de la réponse de la matière vivante"

Journals


Books


Other

Visvapriya, Mukherji (1994). . Builders of Modern India series, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. ISBN 81-230-0047-2..

Jagadish Chandra Bose, second edition

Geddes, Patrick (1920). . London: Longmans.

The Life and Work of Sir Jagadis C. Bose

Bose, Jagadish Chandra. .

Sir Jagadis Chunder Bose His Life and Speeches

Ghosh, Kunal (2022). Unsung Genius : A Life of Jagadish Chandra Bose. India. Aleph Book Company.

Pearson G.L., Brattain W.H. (1955). "History of Semiconductor Research". . 43 (12): 1794–1806. doi:10.1109/JRPROC.1955.278042. S2CID 51634231.

Proc. IRE

J.M. Payne & P.R. Jewell, "The Upgrade of the NRAO 8-beam Receiver," in Multi-feed Systems for Radio Telescopes, D.T. Emerson & J.M. Payne, Eds. San Francisco: ASP Conference Series, 1995, vol. 75, p. 144

Fleming, J. A. (1908). . London: New York and.

The principles of electric wave telegraphy

Yogananda, Paramahansa (1946). . New York. Chapter 8, "India's Great Scientist, J.C. Bose"

Autobiography of a Yogi

Bose, Jagadish Chandra: (science fiction book translated into English)

Runaway Cyclone (1921)

Ghoshal, Nababrata (2022). . Resonance. 27 (3): 353–367. doi:10.1007/s12045-022-1326-1. ISSN 0973-712X.

"A Revisit to the Double-prism Experiment of J. C. Bose"

Bose Institute website

at the Encyclopædia Britannica

Jagadish Chandra Bose

at Internet Archive

Works by or about Jagadish Chandra Bose

at Project Gutenberg

Works by Jagadis Chandra Bose

at Project Gutenberg (Project Gutenberg)

Sir Jagadis Chunder Bose by Sir Jagadis Chunder Bose

at Project Gutenberg (Project Gutenberg)

Response in the Living and Non-Living by Jagadis Chandra Bose

Archived 15 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine, web.mit.edu

J. C. Bose, The Unsung hero of radio communication

JC Bose: 60 GHz in the 1890s

at Engineering and Technology History Wiki

Jagadish Chandra Bose

at www.infinityfoundation.com

ECIT Bose article

Jagadish Chandra Bose materials in the South Asian American Digital Archive (SAADA)

Entry on Bangla science fiction by Bodhisattva Chattopadhyay in The Science Fiction Encyclopedia

in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

Newspaper clippings about Jagadish Chandra Bose