Joseph Csaky
Joseph Csaky (also written Josef Csàky, Csáky József, József Csáky and Joseph Alexandre Czaky) (18 March 1888 – 1 May 1971) was a Hungarian avant-garde artist, sculptor, and graphic artist, best known for his early participation in the Cubist movement as a sculptor. Csaky was one of the first sculptors in Paris to apply the principles of pictorial Cubism to his art. A pioneer of modern sculpture,[1] Csaky is among the most important sculptors of the early 20th century.[2] He was an active member of the Section d'Or group between 1911 and 1914, and closely associated with Crystal Cubism, Purism, De Stijl, Abstract art, and Art Deco throughout the 1920s and 1930s.
Joseph Csaky
1 May 1971(1971-05-01) (aged 83)
Hungarian, French
Sculpture
Groupe de femmes (1911–1912), Danseuse (1912), Head (1912), Figure de Femme Debout, or Figure Habillée (1913), Head (Tête d'homme) (1913), Head (1914), Cones and Spheres (1919), Mother and Child (1926)
Csaky fought alongside French soldiers during World War I and in 1922 became a naturalized French citizen. He was a founding member of l'Union des Artistes modernes (UAM) in 1929. During World War II, Csaky joined forces with the French underground movement (la Résistance) in Valençay. In the late 1920s, he collaborated with some other artists in designing furniture and other decorative pieces, including elements of the Studio House of the fashion designer Jacques Doucet.
After 1928, Csaky moved away from Cubism into a more figurative or representational style for nearly thirty years. He exhibited internationally across Europe, but some of his pioneering artistic innovation was forgotten. His work today is primarily held by French and Hungarian institutions, as well as museums, galleries and private collections both in France and abroad.[3]
Femme et enfant (1909), collection Zborovsky
Tête de femme de profil (1909), exhibited Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, 1910, Paris
Tête de femme de face (1909)
Tête de femme, Portrait de Jeanne (1910)
Tête d'homme, Autoportrait, Tête Cubiste (1911), location unknown, exhibited , 1911, Paris
Salon d'Automne
(1911–1912), location unknown, exhibited Salon d'Automne, 1912, Salon des Indépendants, 1913, Paris
Groupe de femmes
Head (1912)
Tête de femme, Buste de femme (1912), exhibited Salon des Indépendants, 1913, Paris
(1912), exhibited Salon d'Automne, 1912, Paris
Danseuse, Femme à l'éventail, Femme à la cruche
Figure de Femme Debout (Standing Woman), or Figure Habillée (1913), exhibited Salon des Indépendants, 1914, Paris, Musée National d'Art Moderne, and currently in the collection of Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris,[19] Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA),[20] and Solomon Guggenheim Museum New York, acquired 1977[21]
[18]
Works on paper, 1913, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
[22]
(1913) location unknown
Head
Head (1914), Musée National d'Art Moderne, , Paris, Musée d'Art et d'Industrie de Saint-Étienne
Centre Georges Pompidou
Cubist Composition (1919) Musée d'Art moderne et d'Art contemporain de la Ville de Liège (MAMAC)
Cubist Head (1920)
Deux figures (1920), Relief, Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, the Netherlands
[23]
Tête (1923), Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, the Netherlands
Mother and Child (1926)
Mother and Young Child, (1930), stone, 160 cm: Les Musées Nationaux, circa 1950. Pétrus Faure (1891–1985), Mayor from 1947 to 1971, had this monumental sculpture placed in the Parc du Bouchet, Le Chambon-Feugerolles (believed to be its current location).
[24]
La Danseuse, the Dancer (1940–1959), Szeged, Kálvin tér, Anna-kút public square
Bas-Reliefs (1952), commissioned by Georges Lecompte, Ministère de l'Education Nationale, Amiens, two Bas-Reliefs by Csaky
[25]
Salon de la , 1910–1911
Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts
Salon d'Automne, 1911, 1912, 1945, 1949
1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1920, 1923
Salon des Indépendants
Salon de la , Galerie La Boétie, Octobre 1912
Section d'Or
1924
Salon des Artistes Décorateurs
1928, 1929
Salon des Tuileries
Reid & Lefevre Art Gallery, London, 1930
Exposition de l', 1930, 1931, 1937, 1955
Union des Artistes Modernes
Museum Heilbronn, Museum, , 1932
Saarbrücken
Ernst Múzeum, , 1936
Budapest
L'Exposition Internationale, Arts et Techniques dans la Vie moderne, (), 1937
Expositions universelles de Paris
Palais des Beaux-Arts, , Cent Ans de Sculpture Française, 1933–1939, 1940
Brussels
Volksuniversiteit, , the Netherlands 1949
Rotterdam
Centraal Museum, , the Netherlands, 1950
Utrecht
Gemeentemuseum Den Haag, the Netherlands, 1953
Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris, Le Cubisme, 1953
Musée d'Art et d'Industrie de Saint-Étienne, L'Art de l'Afrique Noire, 1956
Csáky Retrospective Exhibition (Kulturális Kapcsolatok Intézete), Budapest, Hungary, 1959
Musée d'Art et d'Industrie de Saint-Étienne, Cent sculptures de Daumier à nos jours, 1960
Musée d'Ixelles, Palais des beaux-arts, Charleroi, Tournai, Luxembourg, De Maillol à nos Jours: 120 sculptures et dessins du Musée National d'Art Moderne de Paris, 1960
Athènes, Biennale en plein air, Panathénées de la Sculpture, Sept.-Nov 1965
Deutsche Gesellschaft für bildende Kunst, Berlin, Avant-Garde, 1910–1930 Osteurops, 1967
Art Deco, July–September 1971
Minneapolis Institute of Arts
New York, 1971
Metropolitan Museum of Art
1971
Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Museu de Arte Contemporanea de USP, , Tendencias de Escultura Moderna, W. Zanini, 1971
São Paulo
London. Léger and Purist Paris, 18 November 1970 – 24 January 1971
Tate Gallery
Crystal Cubism
Multidimensional art
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 1912, Art and Curiosity, the Beginning of Cubism, Le Temps
Canudo, Ricciotto, 1914, Montjoie! text by André Salmon, 3rd issue, 18 March
Reverdy, Pierre, 1917, Sur le Cubisme, Nord-Sud (Paris), 15, 5–7 March
Apollinaire, Guillaume, Chroniques d'art, 1902–1918
Pál, Bor, 1924, Az új művészet céljáról. Csáky József szobraihoz, Magyar Iparművészet, 65–68
Tabarant, Adolphe, Le Bulletin de la vie artistique, December 1924 and January 1925
Pál, Bor, 1926, Csáky József és szobrászata, Budapest (Corvina Kiadó, Budapest, 1972)
Basler, Adolphe, 1928, La Sculpture Moderne en France, Paris
Raynal, Maurice, 1929, A propos de Csaky, Montparnasse, no. 56
George, Waldemar 1930, Csaky, Editions Ars, Paris
Deutsche Kunst und Dekoration, 1930, Darmstadt, 247–250
Sandor, Kemeri, 1931, Visage de Bourdelle, Paris
Csáky József, 1931, Tiszta építészet és szobrászat, Magyar Iparművészet, 129–131
Wilenski, Reginald Howard, 1932, The meaning of modern sculpture, AMS Press
Laude, Jean, 1933, La Peinture Français et l'Art Negre, Paris
Goldwater, R., 1938 (1967) Primitivism in Modern Art, New York
Gide, André, 1947, The Journals of André Gide, Vol. 2 1889 – 1913 New York
Seuphor, Michel, 1959, "La Sculpture de ce Siècle", Dictionnaire de la Sculpture Moderne, Edition du Griffon, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Dutka Mária, 1959, Csáky József szobrászművész kiállítása, Magyar Nemzet, 1 September
Seuphor, Michel, 1960, The Sculpture of This Century, New York
Lebel, Robert. Anthologie des Formes Inventées, Paris: Edition de la Galerie du Cercle, 1962
Robbins, Daniel, 1963–1964, From Symbolism to Cubism: The Abbaye of Créteil, Art Journal 23
Csáky József, 1964, Pályakezdése (Önéletrajzi részlet, I., II., III.,) Tiszatáj
Le XXe Siècle, Chefs-D’Oeuvre de L’Art, 1965, Librairie Hachette, Paris, Musée National d’Art Modern, Paris
Bowness, Alan, 1965, Modern Sculpture, London
Lugano, 1967, Art International Vol. XI no. 3
Burnham, Jack, 1968, Beyond Modern Sculpture, New York
Bajomi Lázár Endre, 1967, A Montmartre, Budapest, Corvina Kiadó
Bölöni György, 1967, Képek között, Budapest, Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó
Cooper, Douglas, 1970, The Cubist Epoch, Phaidon Press Limited, London 1970, The Los Angeles County Museum of Art & The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Green, Christopher, 1971, Léger and l'Esprit Nouveau, 1912–1928 In Tate Gallery Exhibition Catalogue, 18 November 1970 – 24 January 1971, London
Green, Christopher, 1971, Léger and the Purists, Paris, London
Ferenc, Bodri, 1971, Csáky József, Művészet, 8. szám
A.M. Hammacher, 1969, 1971, La Sculpture, L’Evolution de la Sculpture Moderne, Thames and Hudson, London
Burnham, Jack, 1971, The structure of Art, New York
Szélesi Zoltán, 1972, Csáky József, Budapest
Szelesi Zoltán, 1972, Szegedi avantgarde szobrászok, Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyv
Csáky József, 1972, Emlékek a modern művészet nagy évtizedéből, 1904–1914 (Memories of the great decade of modern art, 1904–1914), Budapest
Karshan, Donald, 1973, Csaky, Paris: Dépôt 15, 1973
Elsen, Albert E., 1974, Origins of Modern Sculpture: Pioneers and Premises, New York
Passuth Krisztina, 1974, Magyar művészek az európai avantgardeban (A kubizmustól a konstruktivizmusig, 1919–1925), Budapest
Marcilhac, Felix, 1974, Josef Csaky: A Pioneer of Modern Sculpture, Connoisseur 186, no. 747
Gera György, 1975, A kubizmus, Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest
Lévy, Pierre, 1976, Des artistes et un collectionneur, Paris
Marcilhac, Felix, 1977, Josef Csaky 1888–1971, Encyclopedie Connaissance des Arts, no. 309
Jeanine Warnod, 1978, Les Artistes de Montparnasse, La Ruche, Edition Mayer-Van Wilder
Szelesi Zoltán, 1978–79, Csáky József utolsó évtizede, Móra Ferenc Múzeum Évkönyv
La Chronique des Arts, March 1980, Supplement a la Gazette des Beaux-Arts, no. 1334
Balas, Edith, 1981, The Art of Egypt as Modigliani's Stylistic Source, Gazette des Beaux-Arts
Reichard, René, 1983, Joseph Csaky, 1888–1971, Einführung in das plastische werk, vol. II. Mémoire de René Reichard, Université Goethe, Frankfurt
Purchases by the Hirshhorn Museum 1974–1983, Sculpture Newsletter (Mountainville, NY: Storm King Art Center, Fall 1983)
Balas, Edith, 1987, Brâncuși and Romanian Folk Tradition. East European Monograph, no. 224, Boulder Colorado
Balas, Edith, 1987, The Unbuilt Architecture of Modern Sculptures, Gazette des Beaux-Arts
Fletcher, Valerie J., 1987, Cubist Sculpture, Washington, DC: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, permanent exhibition brochure
Ferenc, Apró, 1988, Adatok Csáky József pályakezdéséhez (Párizs, 1908–1914), Tiszatáj
Főszerk, Fitz Péter, 1999, Hungarian contemporary art lexicon, Budapest: Encyclopedia
Denoël, 1984, Un Siècle d'Art Moderne: l'Histoire du Salon des Indépendants, 1884–1984
A. Barré-Despond, 1986, UAM (Union des Artistes Modernes), Paris
Karshan, Donald, 1986, Csaky, Exhibition catalogue, Musée d'Art Moderne de Troyes
Szuromi Pál, 1988, Egy modern klasszikus szobrász: Csáky József munkásságáról, Tiszatáj
Szuromi Pál, Csáky József, Szeged
Johnson, Stanley, R., 1991, Cubism and La Section d'Or Exhibition Catalogue, Chicago-Düsseldorf
Tóth Attila, Szeged szobrai és muráliái, Szeged
Szeged folyóirat 2006. Január, 4. oldal (: Szeged és Párizs kézfogása)
Csernus Sándor
Souren Melikian, 2006, International Herald Tribune, Discovering the many facets of Cubism, 28–29 October
Marcilhac, Félix, 2007, Joseph Csaky, Du cubisme historique à la figuration réaliste, catalogue raisonné des sculptures, Les Editions de l'Amateur, Paris
In chronological order:
Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Grand Palais, Agence photographique
Ricciotto Canudo, 1914, Montjoie! text by André Salmon, 3rd issue, 18 March
Catalogue of public auction, 1921, two works by Csaky reproduced
Smithsonian Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, DC, Josef Csaky, Abstraction (Standing Figure) 1919
La Danseuse, Szeged
CSÁKY József, in Hungarian
Csáky József, Szuromi Pál, Csongrád Megyei Lapkiadó 1989
Joconde, Portail des Collection des Musée de France, CSAKY Joseph
Ministère de la Culture, France, La Médiathèque de l'Architecture et du Patrimoine, Base Memoire
Base Arcade, Culture.gouv.fr Csaky
Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands, 23 works by Joseph Csaky
Hungarian National Gallery – Magyar Nemzeti Gáleria, Budapest
Correspondance échangée entre Léonce Rosenberg et Joseph Csaky, contrat et ensemble de pièces documentaires, The Frick Collection, Archives Directory for the History of Collecting in America
in American public collections, on the French Sculpture Census website