Lancaster Priory
Lancaster Priory, formally the Priory Church of St Mary, is the Church of England parish church of the city of Lancaster, Lancashire, England. It is located near Lancaster Castle and since 1953 has been designated a Grade I listed building.[1] It is in the deanery of Lancaster, the archdeaconry of Lancaster and the Diocese of Blackburn. Its benefice is combined with that of St John and St Anne.[2]
Lancaster Priory
England
St Mary
Active
22 December 1953
Henry Sephton
Paley and Austin
Austin and Paley
Church
600
145 feet (44 m)
1
96 feet (29 m)
Lancaster
Lancaster and Morecambe
Lancaster St Mary with
St John and St Anne
Revd Leah Vasey-Saunders
Revd Dr Louis Johnson
Prof Richard G. Carter,
Lois C Kirtley
Dr Rebekah Okpoti
Ian Pattinson
Dave Russell,
History[edit]
Pre-construction[edit]
A Roman fort existed on the site from the 1st century, and some form of church may possibly have been established around the year 200.[3][4] A Saxon church is thought to have stood on the site from the sixth century.[4] In 1912 excavations revealed a wall beneath the present chancel area which may be from Roman times, and a small Saxon doorway has been exposed in the west wall of the present nave.[5] It also believed that a monastery had been established here before the Norman conquest of England.[6]
Construction to 17th century[edit]
In 1094 Roger de Poitou established a Benedictine priory dedicated to St Mary, as a cell of the Abbey of Saint Martin of Sées in Normandy, France.[4][5] Around 1360 the nave was widened to about 49 feet (15 m).[3] In 1431 the church was transferred from Sées to Syon Abbey near London after which there was a major reconstruction in the Perpendicular style.[5] In 1539 this Catholic monastic institution was abolished by Henry VIII and the following year the priory became a parish church.[3] A restoration of the church occurred in 1558.[7]
18th to 20th centuries[edit]
In 1743 it was decided to raise the steeple 10 yards higher so that the bells could be heard better, and the bells were re-cast.[8] In 1753, the tower was determined to be in danger of collapse and the bells were removed. Henry Sephton was commissioned to demolish and rebuild the tower.[3] In 1759 a new tower was erected, which still stands.[9]
An organ was installed between 1809 and 1811 by George Pike England at a cost of £672.[10] Between 1868 and 1871 the local architects Paley and Austin restored the chancel, and added a new organ chamber and vestry.[11] In 1872 the old organ was replaced by a new one in the north aisle.[3] In 1887 a peal of eight new bells, donated by James Williamson, was rung for the first time and in 1894 a clergy vestry was built adjacent to the choir vestry.[3][12] A south porch designed by Austin and Paley was added in 1903 and in the same year an outer north aisle with a polygonal apse was built.[5] This aisle is the memorial chapel to the King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment. In 1922 the organ was rebuilt by Harrison & Harrison of Durham. In 1972 the bells were overhauled and re-hung.[3] The pipe organ was replaced in 1982 by an electronic organ made by J. and J. Makin,[13] and in the same year the choir and clergy vestries were converted into a refectory.[1] In 2012 a pipe organ was installed by David Wells Organ Builder of Liverpool. It restored to use two redundant instruments, now linked into one scheme played from a single detached console. The organ in the west gallery was built by Henry Willis for St John's Church, Blackpool in 1915, and the organ in the north choir aisle was built by Harrison and Harrison in 1908 for Blackburn Girls’ School.[14]
Architecture[edit]
Exterior[edit]
The church is built in sandstone with roofs of slate and lead.[1] Its plan consists of a west tower, a four-bay nave and a four-bay chancel with a clerestory under a continuous roof, north and south aisles and a south porch. At the east end of the north aisle is St Nicholas' chapel and at the east end of the south aisle is St Thomas' chapel. To the north of the north aisle, occupying the west four bays, is the King's Own Regiment Memorial chapel and to the east of this is the refectory and kitchen.[1] The parapets of the aisles and nave are embattled. The south porch has two storeys with a staircase turret to the east, and crocketed pinnacles. The east window has five lights and Perpendicular tracery.[1] The tower is in four stages surmounted by corner pinnacles and an embattled parapet. In the first stage is a south doorway and above this in the second stage is a four-light window. The third stage has a round window above which is a clock face. The bell openings in the fourth stage have four lights.
Present day[edit]
The church holds the usual services of an Anglican church,[24] the civic ceremonies of a city's parish church,[25] and regular concerts,[26] the church is open for visitors from 10.00-16:00 Monday-Saturday and for services on Sundays.[27] Lancaster Priory is a member of the Greater Churches Group.[28]
Citations
Sources
