Leicester Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of Saint Martin, Leicester,[1] commonly known as Leicester Cathedral,[2] is a Church of England cathedral in Leicester, England and the seat of the Bishop of Leicester.[3] The church was elevated to a collegiate church in 1922 and made a cathedral in 1927 following the establishment of a new Diocese of Leicester in 1926.[4][5][6]
Leicester Cathedral
United Kingdom
1086–1867
1
67.1 metres (220 ft)
Leicester (since 1927)
Karen Rooms
Emma Davies
1 diocesan vacancy
Alison Adams
vacant
Christopher Johns
David Cowen, Rosie Vinter
The remains of King Richard III were reburied in the cathedral in 2015 after being discovered nearby in the foundations of the lost Greyfriars chapel, 530 years after his death.[7][8]
History[edit]
Leicester Cathedral is near the centre of Leicester's medieval Old Town. The Cathedral famously houses King Richard III's tomb.
The church was built on the site of Roman ruins[9] and is dedicated to St Martin of Tours, a 4th-century Roman officer who became a Bishop. It is almost certainly one of six churches referred to in the Domesday Book (1086) and portions of the current building can be traced to a 12th-century Norman church which was rebuilt in the 13th and 15th centuries. In the Middle Ages, its site next to Leicester's Guild Hall, ensured that St Martin's became Leicester's Civic Church with strong ties to the merchants and guilds of the town.
Much of the extant building is predominantly Victorian. This included the building of the tower (completed in 1862) and 220-foot spire (1867) by the architect Raphael Brandon. The work on this was in the correct Early English style, although his work elsewhere in the church was in the perpendicular style. The tower and spire are, according to Pevsner, "intentionally impressive" and loosely based on the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Ketton in Rutland.[10]
In 1927, St Martin's was dedicated as Leicester's Cathedral when the diocese was re-created, over 1,000 years after the last Anglo-Saxon Bishop of Leicester fled from the invading Danes.
Today over one hundred thousand people visit Leicester Cathedral every year, primarily to see the tomb of King Richard III, the last English monarch to die in battle. King Richard's mortal remains were interred by Justin Welby, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in March 2015 after five days of commemoration events and activities around the city and county of Leicester. A magnificent tomb cut of a single piece of Swaledale fossil stone weighing 3 tonnes now covers his grave.
Inside, on permanent exhibition, is the Pall, a decorative cloth which covered King Richard's coffin during his reinterment. It was designed and created by artist Jacquie Binns. The embroidery tells the story of King Richard's life and the discovery of his body in a car park very near to the cathedral.
Other items that can be seen inside the Cathedral include 14th-century wooden carved figures, each “afflicted” with some kind of illness. One has a medieval hearing aid, while another is suffering from sore shoulders.
A church dedicated to St Martin has been on the site for about 900 years, being first recorded in 1086 when the older Anglo-Saxon church was replaced by a Norman one.[4][6] The present building dates to about that age, with the addition of a spire and various restorations throughout the years.[6][11] Most of what can be seen today is a Victorian restoration by architect Raphael Brandon.[11] The cathedral of the former Anglo-Saxon diocese of Leicester was on a different site.
A cenotaph memorial stone to Richard III was until recently located in the chancel; it was replaced by the tomb of the King himself. The monarch, killed in 1485 at the Leicestershire battlefield of Bosworth Field, had been roughly interred in the Greyfriars, Leicester. His remains were exhumed from the Greyfriars site in 2012, and publicly confirmed as his following DNA testing in February 2013.[7][8] Peter Soulsby, Mayor of Leicester, and David Monteith, the cathedral's canon chancellor, announced the King's body would be re-interred in Leicester Cathedral in 2015. This was carried out on 26 March.
The East Window was installed as a monument to those who died in World War I. The highest window contains a sun-like orb with cherubs radiating away from it. In the centre Jesus sits holding a starry heaven in one hand with one foot on a bloody hell. Surrounding Jesus are eight angels whose wings are made from a red glass. To the far right stands St Michael the Archangel, who stands on the tail of a dragon. The dragon goes behind Jesus and can be seen re-emerging under the feet of St George who stands on its head. On the bottom row can be seen from left St Joan of Arc, Mary, Jesus with crying angels, Mary Magdalene, James, and St Martin of Tours. The window includes an image of a World War I soldier.
The tower and spire were restored both internally and externally in 2004–5. The main work was to clean and replace any weak stonework with replacement stone quarried from the Tyne Valley. The cost was up to £600,000, with £200,000 being donated by the English Heritage, and the rest raised through public donations.[12]
The cathedral has close links with Leicester Grammar School which used to be located directly next to it. Morning assemblies would take place each week on different days depending on the school's year groups, and services were attended by its pupils. The relationship continues despite the school's move to Great Glen, about seven miles south of Leicester.[13][14]
In 2011, after extensive refurbishment, the cathedral's offices moved to the former site of Leicester Grammar School, and the building was renamed St Martin's House. The choir song school also relocated to the new building, and the new site also offers conference rooms and other facilities that can be hired out. The new building was officially opened by the Bishop of Leicester in 2011.[15]
In July 2014, the cathedral completed a redesign of its gardens, including installation of the 1980 statue of Richard III.[16] Following a judicial review decision in favour of Leicester, plans were made to reinter Richard III's remains in Leicester Cathedral, including a new tomb and a wider reordering of the cathedral interior. Reinterment took place on 26 March 2015 in the presence of Sophie, Countess of Wessex (representing Queen Elizabeth II) and Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester.[17]
On 13 April 2017, Queen Elizabeth II distributed Maundy money in the cathedral to 182 recipients.[18]
In 2022, archaeological excavations began, led by the University of Leicester team which discovered the remains of Richard III, of a burial ground going back to the late Anglo-Saxon period on the site of the Old Song School as part of the Leicester Cathedral Revealed project to build a new heritage and educational centre.[19]
In March 2023, a 1,800 year-old Roman era stone altar was discovered in the grounds of the cathedral by the University of Leicester.[20]
Services[edit]
Leicester Cathedral follows the rites of the Church of England and uses Common Worship for the main Choral Eucharist on Sunday.[26]
Organ and organists[edit]
Organ[edit]
The present organ was installed by J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd in 1873 and since then has been rebuilt by Harrison and Harrison in 1929 and 1972. A specification of the organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.[44]