Military of the Ottoman Empire

The military of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun silahlı kuvvetleri) was the armed forces of the Ottoman Empire.

Military of the Ottoman Empire

1299

1861

1922

Ottoman Army
Ottoman Fleet
Ottoman Aviation Squadrons
Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)
Ottoman Gendarmerie
Hejaz Expeditionary Force

Constantinople, Ottoman Empire

Ottoman Sultan

Yes

Military ranks of the Ottoman Empire

commanded the different branches of the military services, for example: "azap agha", "besli agha", "janissary agha", for the commanders of azaps, beslis, and janissaries, respectively. This designation was given to commanders of smaller military units, too, for instance the "bölük agha", and the "ocak agha", the commanders of a "bölük" (company) and an "ocak" (troop) respectively.

Aghas

was a commander of a "bölük", equivalent to the rank of captain.

Boluk-bashi

(Turkish for "soup server") was a commander of an orta (regiment), approximately corresponding to the rank of colonel (Turkish: Albay) today. In seafaring, the term was in use for the boss of a ship's crew, a role similar to that of boatswain.

Çorbacı

Awards and decorations[edit]

The Category:Military awards and decorations of the Ottoman Empire collects the individual wards and decorations. The Ottoman War Medal, better known as the Gallipoli Star, was instituted by the Sultan Mehmed Reshad V on 1 March 1915 for gallantry in battle. The Iftikhar Sanayi Medal was first granted by Sultan Abdulhamid II. Order of the Medjidie was instituted in 1851 by Sultan Abdülmecid I. The Order of Osmanieh was created in January 1862 by Sultan Abdulaziz. This became the second highest order with the obsolescence of the Nişan-i Iftikhar. The Order of Osmanieh ranks below the Nişan-i Imtiyaz.

Ottoman military reforms

Turkish Armed Forces

Turkish Land Forces

Foreign relations of the Ottoman Empire

Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)

Ágoston, Gábor (2005). Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapons Industry in the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 978-0521843133.

ISBN

Dupuy, R. Ernest and Trevor N. Dupuy. The Encyclopedia of Military History from 3500 B.C. to the Present (1986 and other editions), passim and 1463–1464.

(April 2008). "The Armenians and Ottoman Military Policy, 1915". War in History. 15 (2): 141–167. doi:10.1177/0968344507087001. JSTOR 26070763. S2CID 159817669.

Erickson, Edward J.

Erickson, Edward J. (2001)

Ordered to die: a history of the Ottoman army in the First World War

Hall, Richard C. ed. War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia (2014)

Har-El, Shai (1995). Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War, 1485–91. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 978-9004101807.

ISBN

(1993). "The Age of Gunpowder Empires, 1450–1800". In Adas, Michael (ed.). Islamic & European Expansion: The Forging of a Global Order. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. pp. 103–139. JSTOR 544368.

McNeill, William H.

Miller, William. The Ottoman Empire and its successors, 1801–1922 (2nd ed 1927) , strong on foreign policy

online

Murphey, Rhoads (1999). . Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0813526850.

Ottoman Warfare, 1500–1700

(1986), Science & Civilisation in China, vol. V:7: The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-30358-3.

Needham, Joseph

Pálosfalvi, Tamás. From Nicopolis to Mohács: A History of Ottoman-Hungarian Warfare, 1389–1526 (Brill, 2018)

Streusand, Douglas E. (2011). Islamic Gunpowder Empires: Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals. Philadelphia: Westview Press. 978-0813313597.

ISBN

Topal, Ali E. "The effects of German Military Commission and Balkan wars on the reorganization and modernization of the Ottoman Army" (Naval Postgraduate School 2013)

online

Uyar, Mesut, and Edward J. Erickson. A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk (Pleager Security International, 2009).

by Lt. Col. Edward J. Erickson

Military of the Ottoman Empire