National Supervisory Commission
The National Commission of Supervision is the highest supervisory and anti-corruption authority of the People's Republic of China. Formed in 2018 by an amendment to the Constitution, the Commission holds the same constitutional status as that of the State Council, of the Supreme People's Court, and of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.[1]
National Commission of Supervision
国家监察委员会
2018
- Liu Jinguo, Director
中华人民共和国国家监察委员会
中華人民共和國國家監察委員會
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Jiānchá Wěiyuánhuì
Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Guójiā Jiānchá Wěiyuánhuì
According to the 2018 Constitution, the Director of the National Commission of Supervision is elected by the National People's Congress and shall not serve more than two consecutive terms. The Director reports to the National People's Congress and the National People's Congress Standing Committee. The deputy directors and Members of the commission are nominated by the Director and are appointed by the National People's Congress Standing Committee.[2]
The National Commission of Supervision is co-located with the Chinese Communist Party's Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.[1]
Formation[edit]
In late 2016, Supervisory Commissions (SCs) began pilot initiatives in Shanxi, Beijing and Zhejiang. Provincial level chiefs of Discipline Inspection began serving concurrently as heads of the local Supervisory Commissions.[4]
In February 2018, an amendment to the constitution was proposed to make national and local supervision commissions official state organs. Local commissions will be appointed by local peoples' congresses at county and higher level and will be accountable to them and to the supervision commission at the higher level.[5]
In March 2018, three state agencies with inspection powers (the Ministry of Supervision, the National Bureau of Corruption Prevention, and the Supreme People's Procuratorate's General Administration of Anti-Corruption and Bribery) merged with a communist party body (the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection) the form the National Supervisory Commission.[6]: 57 The merged state agencies were dissolved but the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection continues to exist, sharing its offices and resources with the National Commission of Supervision.[6]: 57 The formation of the National Commission of Supervision centralized control of anti-corruption resources to the central authorities and was aimed at curbing local interference in anti-corruption efforts.[4]
The National Commission of Supervision is designated as a political body.[6]: 57–58
Jurisdiction[edit]
The National Commission of Supervision's jurisdiction includes all public sector employees.[6]: 57 Evidence it gathers is admissible in court proceedings (previously, prosecutors had to conduct independent investigations to gather evidence after a case was referred by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection).[6]: 57