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Philip the Bold

Philip II the Bold (French: Philippe II le Hardi; Dutch: Filips de Stoute; 17 January 1342 – 27 April 1404) was Duke of Burgundy and jure uxoris Count of Flanders, Artois and Burgundy. He was the fourth and youngest son of King John II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg.[1]

For the king of France known as Philip the Bold, see Philip III of France.

Philip II the Bold

6 September 1363 – 27 April 1404

Philip I

John the Fearless

1382-1388

Charles VI

John, Duke of Berry
Louis II, Duke of Bourbon

17 January 1342
Pontoise, Kingdom of France

27 April 1404 (aged 62)
Halle, County of Hainaut

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(m. 1369)​

Valois-Burgundy

John II of France

Bonne of Bohemia

Philip was the founder of the Burgundian branch of the House of Valois. His vast collection of territories made him the undisputed premier peer of the Kingdom of France and made his successors formidable subjects, and later rivals, of the kings of France.


Philip played an important role in the development of gunpowder artillery in European warfare, making extensive and successful use of it in his military campaigns.[2]

(1371–1419, murdered at Montereau), his eldest son and successor as Duke of Burgundy[10]

John the Fearless

Charles (1372–1373)

(October 1374 – 8 March 1441, Le Quesnoy), Countess of Mortain married William VI, Count of Holland and Duke of Bavaria-Straubing[10]

Marguerite

Louis (1377–1378)

(April 1378, Montbard – 24 January 1425, Gray, Haute-Saône), married Leopold IV, Duke of Austria[11]

Catherine

Bonne (1379–1399, ) betrothed to John I, Duke of Bourbon[10]

Arras

Duke of Brabant (August 1384 – 25 October 1415, at Agincourt)[10]

Antoine

(September 1386, Dijon – 2 October 1422, Thonon-les-Bains), married Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy[10]

Mary

and Rethel (1389–1415, at Agincourt)

Philip II, Count of Nevers

Philip the Bold married the future Countess Margaret III of Flanders on 19 June 1369,[6] a marriage that would eventually reunite not only the Duchy of Burgundy with the Free County of Burgundy and the County of Artois, but also unite it to the rich County of Flanders. Philip and Margaret had the following children:


In arranging the marriages of his children, Philip followed an intelligent diplomatic and strategic design that would be followed by his successors in Burgundy as far as Emperor Maximilian I. For example, the double marriage in 1385 at Cambrai of his son, John the Fearless, and his daughter, Margaret, to Margaret of Bavaria and William of Bavaria, son and daughter of Albert, Count of Hainault and Holland, prepared the later union of Hainault and Holland with Burgundy and Flanders, as carried out by Philip's grandson, Philip the Good. The marriages also inserted the new Valois Burgundy dynasty into the Wittelsbach network of alliances: the other daughters of Count Albert married William I, Duke of Guelders and Wenceslaus, King of Bohemia; their cousin, Isabeau of Bavaria married Charles VI of France, and became Queen of France.


In addition to his alliance with the Netherlandish Bavarians, Philip also made links with the Dukes of Austria and of Savoy by marrying his daughter Catherine to Leopold IV of Austria and his daughter Mary to Amadeus VIII of Savoy.

Duke of Burgundy#Family tree

Keane, Marguerite (2016). Material Culture and Queenship in 14th-century France: The Testament of Blanche of Navarre (1331–1398). Brill.

Smith, Kay Douglas; Smith, Robert Douglas; DeVries, Kelly (2005). The Artillery of the Dukes of Burgundy, 1363-1477. Boydell Press.  978-1-84383-162-4.

ISBN

Vaughan, Richard (2009a). John the Fearless. The Boydell Press.

Vaughan, Richard (2009b). Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian state. The Boydell Press.

Vaughan, Richard (2010). Philip the Good: The Apogee of Burgundy. The Boydell Press.

Villalon, Andrew; Kagay, Donald (2017). To Win and Lose a Medieval Battle: Nájera (April 3, 1367), A Pyrrhic Victory for the Black Prince. Brill.

: Tomb Sculptures from the Court of Burgundy

The Mourners